From the history of the food industry

Занятие 1. FROM THE HISTORY OF THE FOOD INDUSTRY (стр. 7)

1. Прочитайте и переведите текст “FROM THE HISTORY OF THE FOOD INDUSTRY»

на русский язык.

The food industry is a very ancient industry. Almost еvery branch of the food industry and particularly those dealing with grain and bread, meat and meat products, fish and fish products, was a well defined trade guild.
The food industry developed from the experience of generations. Milling and baking were well developed in ancient times. There were both private and public ovens for baking bread. Olive oil and honey were widely sold and bought. Cheese was manufactured thousands of years ago. Butter is also an ancient food.
The production of food, as an industry, actually has a history extending as far as the history of modern chemistry because it was considered a part of chemical technology. Thus the book "Chemical Technology“ published in 1870 contained the following sections: starch, sugar manufacture, cane sugar, beet sugar, fermentation, wine making, beer brewing, bread baking, manufacture of vinegar, and essential oils.
Let's take some examples. In 1747 Marggraf discovered crystals of sugar in the red beet and suggested that it might be possible to extract it on a commercial basis. Kirchhoff suggested the use of starch for sugar production in 1811.
The food industry developed in full with the growth of the processing industries and with improvement in food machines, transportation, refrigeration, storage and packaging.

1. Заполните пропуски словами, данными ниже.

1. Even in ancient time … … were well developed.

2. The bread was baked in private and public … .

3. The ancient people widely used … … .

4. The food production was considered … .

5. Manufacture of … and … was included in the book „Chemical Technology“.

1. Расскажите, какое значение для развития пищевой промышленности имеют годы:

(Ответы на данное задание можно писать по-русски.)

1. Выпишите из текста эквиваленты к данным ниже словам и словосочетаниям.

1. древние времена –

2. пищевая промышленность –

3. промышленность, имеющая дело с зерном, мясом и рыбой –

4. хлеб выпекали в общественных печах –

1. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту:

1. How did the food industry develop?

2. What branches of the food industry were well developed in ancient times?

3. What food technology considered as a part of chemical technology?

4. Who discovered crystals of sugar in beets?

5. Who suggested the use of starch for sugar production?

6. What influenced the development of the food industry in full?