Стратегии речевого поведения в англоязычной среде

Стратегии речевого поведения в англоязычной среде

Соболева Елена Анатольевна

Стратегии дистанцирования

• вопросительные конструкции,
• модальные глаголы,
• смещение временного плана,
• условное наклонение.

Тактика дистанцирования

Function

Direct

order

Indirect

Fill in this form, please.

request

Will  you fill in this form, please.

Have you got a double room?

offering

desire

That’s 120 dollars.

I  wondered if you had  a double room?

That  will be 120 dollars.

We want a table for two.

inquiry

We’d prefer  a table for two.

What do you want for dessert?

opinion

What  would you like  for dessert?

Won’t it be better to go to the bar?

Might it  be better to go to the bar?

Намек

• understatement

Техника минимизации

Function

statement

attitude

understatement

He was upset by her choice.

criticising

He was  somehow  upset by his choice.

I also think she is impractical.

expressing opinion

I  kind of  think she is a bit impractical.

The surroundings are industrial.

statement

The surroundings are  more or less industrial.

Last time he told me nothing about his plans.

Last time he didn’t tell me  anything about his plans.

Уклонение

• softening devices:
• вводные фразы,
• формулы вежливых вопросов и ответов,
• безличные предложения,
• утверждения в форме вопросов

Тактика смягчения утверждения

Function

Direct

opinion

Indirect

It is his fault.

advice

In my opinion  it is his fault.

My advice is to turn to a professional teacher.

hesitation

Well , personally, I sort of think  you ought to turn to a professional teacher.

Oh, I can’t know for sure.

One  can’t know for sure.

Техника смягчения прямых побудительных высказываний

Function

Direct

order

Indirect

Go on reading.

advice

You should speak to him directly.

Would you like to go on reading?

expressing opinion

Why don’t you speak to him directly?

It’d be less expensive to go there by car.

suggestion

We’d better leave at once.

Would it be less expensive to go there by car?

Won’t it be better (for us) to leave at once?

Стратегии поддержки собеседника

• overstatement

Тактика усиления эмоционального воздействия

Function

Statement

gratitude

Overstatement

Thank you.

sympathy

Thank you  so much ! I’m so much obliged to you!

I am sorry.

apology

I’m  so  sorry!/I can’t tell you how sorry I am !

Sorry (but…)

refusal

I’m  extremely/awfully/so  sorry (but…)

Sorry (but)

I’m  very much  afraid, I can’t join you.

Стратегия поддержания контакта

• разграничение сферы общения
• закрепление тематики за определенными коммуникативными ситуациями
• small talk , big talk

Техника поддержания разговора

Function

Polite reaction

attention

“ It was great.” –  Oh, yes ?” – “I really enjoyed the show.”

concern

Oh, it was his funeral yesterday,  was it ?

sympathy/surprise

Oh dear/my God! Oh no!/Gosh!/Oh come on! No!

surprise

You can’t be serious!/It can’t be!/You must be joking !

Thanks for your attention!