Презентации на тему " Английская литература"

Charles Dickens

.

Charles Dickens

Charles Dickens was born in 1812. He lived in the south of England when he was a little boy. His father worked in an office. He was a very clever van, but he was very pool. Charles had many brothers and sisters, but he did not often play with them. His father had many books and Charles liked to read them. He learned to read very early.

Charles Dickens

When Charles was 10 years old, his family went to London.

There his father got into debt and then into debtor’s prison. So little Charles began to work when he was ten. That was the beginning of Charles’ hard life.

Charles Dickens

.

Charles Dickens

He worked at a small factory in London, pasting labels on blacking bottles. He had to work in a dirty room with no windows. He did not like his work, but he had to work at the factory for two years. Then he went to school for thee years, but he did not learn much at school. He learned much at home, from his father and from other clever people.

Charles Dickens

Later he worked as a reporter to the Parliament and became a writer of short stories.

In 1837 he published his first novel . And the young reporter became a famous writer. Then he published novel after novel - , , and many other good books.

Charles Dickens

.

Charles Dickens

His books are very interesting; they tell us about the hard life of the poor people in England of that time. When we read his books, we sometimes laugh, but we often want to cry.

Charles Dickens died in 1870.

Charles Dickens

He is one of the greatest novels in the English literature. Dickens lived more then a hundred years ago, but people in the whole world like to read his books today, because in his books he showed a real world and people of Victorian England.

Charles Dickens

.

Charles Dickens

Thanks for your attention

Joan Kathleen Rowling was born on July, 31 1965 in Gloucestershire, England. Her sister was born for two years later. Rowling liked to tell histories from babyhood and wrote the first fairy-tale, when she was 5 or 6 - this was a fairy-tale about a rabbit by name Rabbit which was ill and his friends came for him in guests with a giant bee by name Miss Bee.

In childhood she moved twice. Both times in cities next to Bristol: at first in Yate, then in Winterbourne. In Winterbourne they with a sister played with a girl and boy on the last name of Potters. She it is said that she always liked this last name and she preferred her to the own, because children always teased her for the last name, speaking, rowling - rolling pins.Family moved again, when she was nine years ago - in Tutshill alongside Chepstow in Forest of Dean. She attended initial school in Tutshill and high school in Wyedean. At that time she was quiet, freckled, short-sighted and awfully unsportsmanlike. Her favourite objects - English and other languages. She usually told to history to the friends - where all of them accomplished bold and heroic exploits on which would not decide in the real life.

She entered an university in Exeter right after school and studied French, on insistency the parents which it is said that she can do a career as a secretary with two languages. On educating in an university and work by the "worst secretary in the world" she spent a few years. In 1991, in age 26, she left to Portugal, to teach English. She talks, it liked her. She gave lessons after dinner and in the evening, and invented in the morning. At this time she began to work on the third novel (first two abandoned as "very bad"). A new book was about a boy, which discovered that he is a magician and got in magic school. In Portugal she met the Portuguese journalist and went out for him marry. Their daughter, Jessica, were born in 1993. After a divorce, Rowling and with daughter moved to Edinburgh, to Scotland, closer to her kid sister.

Rowling put to itself an aim - to complete a novel about Harry till to begin to work as the teacher of French, and, certainly, to make an effort to publish him. She wrote on a dinner-wagon in a cafe Jessica slept while. Scottish Advice of Art gave to her an underback for completion of book and, after the row of refuses, she in final analysis sold a book "Harry Potter and Philosophical Stone" to the publishing house “Blumsbery" (Great Britain) after the 4000$ USA.

At this time Rowling works as a teacher French (carrying out a serenade in corridors, first line from Rawhide "Rolling, rolling, rolling, keep those wagons rolling“.). A few months after a publishing house "Arthur And Levin/Educational Literature" buys the American rights on a book for a sufficient sum, that she was able to give up to teach. A book was published in Great Britain in June 1997 (in the moment of writing of the first release of this book it is sold on 12,000 pound/of the 20,000$ USA sterlings). Confession came in this moment. Harry Potter conquers the British reward, as a book of year.

Renamed in "Harry Potter and Stone of Magician", a book was published in the USA in September 1998.

Following, "Harry Potter and Secret Room" is published in Great Britain in July 1998, and in the USA in June 1999.

The third book "Harry Potter and Prisoner of Azkaban" was published in Great Britain in July 1999, and in the USA in September 1999.

In 1999 Rowling becomes international literary sensation, when the first three books of series of "Harry Potter" occupied 3 up position in the list of the best sellers of New York Times - attaining analogical success in Great Britain.

In summer 2000, the over 35 million copies of the first three books were sold, on 35 languages on a sum approximately $480 millions.

In July 2000, first drawing of "Harry Potter and Fiery Cup" made 5,3 million copies with advance orders over 1,8 millions.

Rowling plans seven books of series with description of every year of life of Harry Potter at School of Magic and Witchcraft of Hogwarts.

The Cinema-version of the first book from series went out in November 2001. Producer and stage-director of film is Chris Colambus, which took off "Home alone".

Rowling it is said that she wrote to Harry Potter, when it was very badly "me, and it was necessary to attain something. Not entering the lists, I would go bughouse.

Series about Harry Potter are a new star in child's literature. It is impossible to say that book Rowling not exposed to criticism. On the other hand, admirers cheer for books for boldness and honesty and compare them to such books, as for example, "Chronics of Narnia" of Clive S. Lewis.

Mark Twain

November 30, 1835 – April 21, 1910

• Mark Twain

Samuel Langhorne Clemens (November 30, 1835 – April 21, 1910), better known by his pen name Mark Twain, was an American author and humorist. He is noted for his novels Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1885), called "the Great American Novel", and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876). Twain grew up in Hannibal, Missouri, which would later provide the setting for Huckleberry Finn and Tom Sawyer. He apprenticed with a printer. He also worked as a typesetter and contributed articles to his older brother Orion's newspaper. After toiling as a printer in various cities, he became a master riverboat pilot on the Mississippi River, before heading west to join Orion. He was a failure at gold mining, so he next turned to journalism. While a reporter, he wrote a humorous story, The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County, which proved to be very popular and brought him nationwide attention. His travelogues were also well-received. Twain had found his calling.

He achieved great success as a writer and public speaker. His wit and satire earned praise from critics and peers, and he was a friend to presidents, artists, industrialists, and European royalty. However, he lacked financial acumen. Though he made a great deal of money from his writings and lectures, he squandered it on various ventures, in particular the Paige Compositor, and was forced to declare bankruptcy. With the help of Henry Rogers, however, he eventually overcame his financial troubles. Twain worked hard to ensure that all of his creditors were paid in full, even though his bankruptcy had relieved him of the legal responsibility. Born during a visit by Halley's Comet, he died on its return. He was lauded as the "greatest American humorist of his age", and William Faulkner called Twain "the father of American literature".

Early life

Samuel Langhorne Clemens was born in Florida, Missouri, on November 30, 1835, to a Tennessee country merchant, John Marshall Clemens (August 11, 1798 – March 24, 1847), and Jane Clemens (June 18, 1803 – October 27, 1890).

Twain was the sixth of seven children. Only three of his siblings survived childhood: his brother Orion (July 17, 1825 – December 11, 1897); Henry, who died in a riverboat explosion (July 13, 1838 – June 21, 1858); and Pamela (September 19, 1827 – August 31, 1904). His sister Margaret (May 31, 1830 – August 17, 1839) died when Twain was three, and his brother Benjamin (June 8, 1832 – May 12, 1842) died three years later. Another brother, Pleasant (1828–1829), died at six months. Twain was born two weeks after the closest approach to Earth of Halley's Comet. On December 4, 1985, the United States Postal Service issued a stamped envelope for "Mark Twain and Halley's Comet."

When Twain was four, his family moved to Hannibal, Missouri, a port town on the Mississippi River that inspired the fictional town of St. Petersburg in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Missouri was a slave state and young Twain became familiar with the institution of slavery, a theme he would later explore in his writing.

Twain’s father was an attorney and a local judge. The Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad was organized in his office in 1846. The railroad connected the second and third largest cities in the state and was the westernmost United States railroad until the Transcontinental Railroad. It delivered mail to and from the Pony Express.

When he was 18, he left Hannibal and worked as a printer in New York City, Philadelphia, St. Louis, and Cincinnati.

His first success as a writer came when his humorous tall tale, "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County", was published in a New York weekly, The Saturday Press, on November 18, 1865. It brought him national attention. A year later, he traveled to the Sandwich Islands (present-day Hawaii) as a reporter for the Sacramento Union. His travelogues were popular and became the basis for his first lectures.

In 1867, a local newspaper funded a trip to the Mediterranean. During his tour of Europe and the Middle East, he wrote a popular collection of travel letters, which were later compiled as The Innocents Abroad in 1869. It was on this trip that he met his future brother-in-law.

Twain joined Orion, who in 1861 became secretary to James W. Nye, the governor of Nevada Territory, and headed west. Twain and his brother traveled more than two weeks on a stagecoach across the Great Plains and the Rocky Mountains, visiting the Mormon community in Salt Lake City. The experiences inspired Roughing It and provided material for The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County. Twain's journey ended in the silver-mining town of Virginia City, Nevada, where he became a miner. Twain failed as a miner and worked at a Virginia City newspaper, the Territorial Enterprise. Here he first used his pen name. On February 3, 1863, he signed a humorous travel account "Letter From Carson – re: Joe Goodman; party at Gov. Johnson's; music" with "Mark Twain".

• Charles Langdon showed a picture of his sister, Olivia, to Twain; Twain claimed to have fallen in love at first sight. The two met in 1868, were engaged a year later, and married in February 1870 in Elmira, New York. She came from a "wealthy but liberal family", and through her he met abolitionists, "socialists, principled atheists and activists for women's rights and social equality", including Harriet Beecher Stowe (his next door neighbor in Hartford, Connecticut), Frederick Douglass, and the writer and utopian socialist William Dean Howells, who became a longtime friend.
• The couple lived in Buffalo, New York from 1869 to 1871. Twain owned a stake in the Buffalo Express newspaper, and worked as an editor and writer. Their son Langdon died of diphtheria at 19 months.
• In 1871, Twain moved his family to Hartford, Connecticut, where starting in 1873, he arranged the building of a home (local admirers saved it from demolition in 1927 and eventually turned it into a museum focused on him). While living there, Olivia gave birth to three daughters: Suzy (1872–1896), Clara (1874–1962) and Jean (1880–1909). The couple's marriage lasted 34 years, until Olivia's death in 1904.
• During his seventeen years in Hartford (1874–1891), Twain wrote many of his best-known works: The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876), The Prince and the Pauper (1881), Life on the Mississippi (1883), Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884), and A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court (1889).
• Twain made a second tour of Europe, described in the 1880 book A Tramp Abroad. His tour included a stay in Heidelberg from May 6 until July 23, 1878, and a visit to London.

Twain passed through a period of deep depression, which began in 1896 when his daughter Suzy died of meningitis. Olivia's death in 1904 and Jean's on December 24, 1909, deepened his gloom. On May 20, 1909, his close friend Henry Rogers died suddenly. In 1906, Twain began his autobiography in the North American Review. In April, Twain heard that his friend Ina had lost nearly all she owned in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, and he volunteered a few autographed portrait photographs to be sold for her benefit. To further aid, George Wharton James visited Twain in New York and arranged for a new portrait session. Initially resistant, Twain admitted that four of the resulting images were the finest ones ever taken of him. Oxford University awarded Twain an honorary doctorate in letters (D.Litt.) in 1907. In 1909, Twain is quoted as saying: I came in with Halley's Comet in 1835. It is coming again next year, and I expect to go out with it. It will be the greatest disappointment of my life if I don't go out with Halley's Comet. The Almighty has said, no doubt: 'Now here are these two unaccountable freaks; they came in together, they must go out together.' His prediction was accurate – Twain died of a heart attack on April 21, 1910, in Redding, Connecticut, one day after the comet's closest approach to Earth. Upon hearing of Twain's death, President William Howard Taft said: "Mark Twain gave pleasure – real intellectual enjoyment – to millions, and his works will continue to give such pleasure to millions yet to come... His humor was American, but he was nearly as much appreciated by Englishmen and people of other countries as by his own countrymen. He has made an enduring part of American literature."

Thanks for your attention

George Bernard Shaw

Georg Bernard Shaw is one of the famous English writers. He was born in Dubling, Ireland, on the 26 th of July, 1856. His father was a drunkard, and the family was poor. Shaw’s mother, a gifted musician, left her husband and want to London where she started to work as a music teacher.

As the family was poor, Shaw had to leave school at the age of fifteen. He became a cashier in a Dabling land agency. He hated his job and after he had worked for five years he gave it up and left for London. There he joined his mother whom he had not seen for a lot time.

Shaw tried to make a living by writing, he wrote four novels which were published in magazines but they were not success. The best of them is “Cashel Byron’s Profession”. In 1885 Shaw became a music critic. From 1885 to 1898 he wrote a lot as a critic of art, music, literature and drama and was very popular with the readers.

In the nineties Show began to write for the theatre. He was the creator of a new publicist drama. In plays Shaw criticized British society. During the period of 1894-1897 he published three plays groups under the title “Plays Pleasant”.

When World War started Shaw published “Common sense about the War”(1914), a dramatic criticism of the British government’s policy.

Show wrote over twenty plays. One of his most popular plays is “Saint Joan” (1923). The play is devoted to Joan of Ark. The play had not been out a few months when some theatres staged it. Since it’s first performance the play has always been a great success with the public everywhere. Shaw himself liked the play very much.

In 1931 he made a world tour visiting India, China, Africa and America.

In 1925 he was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature and in 1934- the medal of the Irish Academy of Letters.

George Bernard Shaw died at the age of 94 in 1950.

• Thanks for your attention