Comparative and superlative adjectives

In linguistics, the comparative is a syntactic construction that serves to express a comparison between two (or more) entities or groups of entities in quality, quantity, or degree; it is one of the degrees of comparison, alongside the positive and the superlative.[1] The comparative is signaled in English by the suffix -er or by a word of comparison (as, more,less) and the conjunction- or preposition-like word as or than. The comparative is frequently associated with adjectives and adverbs because these words take the -er suffix or modifying word more or less (e.g., faster, more intelligent, less wasteful); it can also, however, appear when no adjective or adverb is present, for instance with nouns (e.g., more men than women). The syntax of comparative constructions is poorly understood due to the complexity of the data. In particular, the comparative frequently occurs with independent mechanisms of syntax such as coordination and forms of ellipsis (gapping, pseudogapping, null complement anaphora, stripping, verb phrase ellipsis). The interaction of the various mechanisms complicates the analysis. Most if not all languages have some means of forming the comparative, although these means can vary significantly from one language to the next.

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«Comparative and superlative adjectives»

Theme: “Comparative and

superlative adjectives”

Open lesson

Form: 8 “A”

The procedure of the lesson:

Organization moment.

-Good morning children?

-How are you?

-Who is on duty?

-Who is absent?

-What date is it today?

-Thank you very much! Take your sit!

І. The aims:

1. Оқушылар мәтінмен жұмыс істеу арқылы сын есімнің

салыстырмалы және күшейтпелі шырайдың қолдануын жаттығады, дүкендерді салыстырады.

2. Оқушылардың тыңдау,ауызекі сөйлесу,ойлау дағдылары қалыптасады, грамматикалық тұрғыдан дұрыс сөйлем құру дағдысы артады.

3. Тілге деген қызығушылықтары артады,топпен,жұппен жұмыс істеуге дағдыланады, бір-бірін тыңдап , пікір алмасады. Қоғамдық орында (дүкенде) өзін қалай ұстауды үйренеді.

Visual aids:

Methods:

Оқулық,тақырыптық

суреттер, кесте,

постер, грамматикалық таблица .

Топтастыру ,жұптық,

топтық жұмыс,венн диаграмма.

Type of the

lesson

Жаңа сабақ

ІІ.Secret thing

“ Құпия сурет” стратегиясы

Big elephant

Bigger elephant

Biggest elephant

ІІІ.New theme:

“ Comparative and

superlative adjectives”

(Сын есімнің салыстырмалы және күшейтпелі шырайлары)

SOME RULES ABOUT FORMING COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES

One syllable adjectives generally form the comparative by adding -er and the superlative by adding -est, e.g.:

Бір буынды сын есімдер салыстырмалы шырайда -er жұрнағы, ал күшейтпелі шырайда –est жұрнағы арқылы жасалады.

Adjective

Small

Comparative

Cheap

Superlative

кіші

Smaller

Big

Smallest

Өте кіші

арзан

Cheaper

кішірек

Cheapest

үлкен

Bigger

арзанырақ

Biggest

Өте арзан

үлкенірек

Өте үлкен

IRREGULAR ADJECTIVES

Some adjectives have irregular forms of comparison.

Бұрыс сын есімдер Good , Bad, Many сын есімдерінің шырайлары

суффикс арқылы да more , most сөздері арқылы жасалмайды,олар

түбірімен өзгереді.

Adjective

Comparative

Good

Bad

Superlative

жақсы

Better

жақсырақ

жаман

Worse

The best

Many

жамандау

Өте жақсы

көп

The worst

көбірек

Өте жаман

The most

Өте көп

TWO SYLLABLE ADJECTIVES

Two syllable adjectives which end in -y usually form the comparative by adding -er and the superlative by adding -est, (note the change of -y to -i in the comparative/superlative) e.g.:

Егер сын есім жай шырайда -y әріпіне аяқталатын болса –er , -est жұрнақтары жалғанғанда -y әріпі -i әріпіне өзгереді.

Adjective

Dirty

Comparative

Early

Dirtier

лас

superlative

Dirtiest

Өте лас

ерте

Earlier

ластау

Earliest

ертерек

Өте ерте

Two syllables or more, not ending in

Adjectives of two or more syllables fom the degrees of comparison

using more or most . Adjectives of three or more syllable.

Көп буынды сын есімдер салыстырмалы шырайда more сөзі,

күшейтпелі шырайда most сөзі арқылы жасалады.

Adjective

Expensive

Comparative

Important

superlative

қымбат

More expensive

Most expensive

More important

қымбатырақ

маңызды

Өте қымбат

Most important

маңыздырақ

Өте маңызды

ІY.Work with a blackboard

Complete the chart

Positive

Comparative

Fast

Superlative

Clean

Big

Dirty

Short

Beautiful

Difficult

Y.Work with a copybook

Match an adjective in A with its opposite in B

Fast

Cheap

Slow

Bad

Unhealthy

Dirty

Unfriendly

Modern

Big

Small

Clean

Old

Friendly

Expensive

Healthy

Good

Fast

Slow

Big

Dirty

Modern

Unfriendly

Cheap

Unhealthy

Bad

Small

Clean

Old

Friendly

Expensive

Healthy

Good

YI.Work with the text

“ Corner stores and supermarkets”

The corner grocery store was an American tradition, but now it is dying out. In older times there was a small grocery store in every neighbourhood. Every day a housewife went to the store to buy milk, fresh bread and other food. Now most corner stores are closing. They are losing business to large supermarkets. Supermarkets are bigger than corner stores. The corner store is a family business. Supermarkets employ more people. They are newer, more modern , and they stay open longer. They have a greater variety of products. Thy buy a larger amounts of food,so they can offer lower prices. Many people miss the old corner store. It was smaller,frienlier and closer to home. But small businees cant compete with large companies.

Filling venn’s diagram work in group.

Compare supermarkets and corner stores.

Supermarkets

Both

Corner stores

YII. Reflection

Предмет: Английский язык

Категория: Презентации

Целевая аудитория: 6 класс.
Урок соответствует ФГОС

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Comparative and superlative adjectives

Автор: Естыбаева Гульзира Айкымбаевна

Дата: 09.02.2016

Номер свидетельства: 290595

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