Жизнь инвалидов в Великобритании

The Life of disabled in Great Britain and Russia

• Выполнили: Александров Дмитрий и Александрова Юлия, ученики 7в класса МБОУ «Моргаушская СОШ»
• Руководители: Маркова Т.В., Хрусталева В.В., учителя английского языка.

Introduction

Relevance of research: More than 1 billion people, about 15% of the world’s population, have some form of disability.

From 110 to 190 million adults have significant difficulties in functioning. Disability issue is very actual at the moment. Unfortunately, the number of disabled people is increasing each year. This problem exists not only in Russia, but throughout the world. The article of the Convention of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities sets out the rights of the disabled in society. Many countries have signed and ratified the Convention of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.

The number of disabled people in Russia exceeds ten million people, representing more than 10% of the population of our country and this figure is constantly growing. That is why the lives of people with disabilities is directly connected with the social life of all citizens of our country. The task of everybody is to understand and try to feel the difficulties of those special people to help and support them not to pass by and give a helping hand to those who really need it.

The object:

1. To explore the lives of disabled people in the UK and Russia.

Challenges:

1. To study the legal aspect of this issue.

2. Find out how people with disabilities in the UK and in Russia are fighting for their rights.

3. Determine how they are helped in these countries.

The subject of this work is to study the life of disabled in the UK.

The object of study: UK and Russian disabled people.

The practical value of the work is the ability to use the positive experience of the UK and Russia to improve the lives of persons with disabilities.

According to the Declaration of Disabled People’s Rights (UN, 1975) “disabled” means any person who can not afford a normal life.

The word “invalid” is replaced by the word “disabled” nowadays.

A disabled person in the UK can have medical care in specialized hospitals and clinics.

Social assistance which includes home care or providing disabled with medical equipment and devices.

A disabled person is offered to be in care centers or homes.

A disabled person has the right to get a grand to adapt housing for himself.

If a disabled person needs social services, he can replace these services with payments and to purchase those services himself.

Financial support is given for additional payments.

The employer is responsible for organizing the workplace for disabled.

The disabled is given a help of 30000 pounds to search for jobs or to acquire new skills and to adapt their homes for living.

The program “People” is suggested getting financial support, medical treatment and consulting help.

In 2012 the article “Disabled People’s Rights in daily practice is legislative experience in the UK” was published.

This article guarantees the absence of discrimination against disabled people in the following situations:

• Access to cafes, shops, banks, cinemas, religious institutions and other organizations that provide goods and services, the individual services of doctors and hospitals in general;
• Operations with the purchase access to public authorities.
• Equal rights in getting education.
• In transport management and its use.

The disabled in Russia

When you come to Russia you will be surprised that there are no disabled people in the streets. It is not because we have no disabled people in Russia. This is because we have no facilities at all for their normal living in a society. Many disabled people in Russia, especially those who have spinal problems, spend all their lives within the four walls of their homes. Doorways and elevators are very small for wheelchairs, the staircases are almost never equipped with wheelchair ramps or any lifting devices and this is a really great problem. The whole public transport system is not designed for disabled people. Besides, wheelchairs are so old and not modern, that they can be hardly used. Very often when the old wheelchair is broken the disable person loses the only opportunity to move in the house. The pensions that are payed to disabled people are very poor. They are sufficient only for food and for community charges.

It is really nonsense when an amputee must go through dozens of procedures to confirm the disability. It is a hard job to obtain dozens of documents from dozens of doctors, then from variety of departments of social services, also residential services and many others. Visiting all these instances requires standing for hours in long lines and all these departments are also never equipped for disabled people.

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To take a bus the disabled person has to wait sometimes for hours. Taxis are also not equipped for disabled clients. Stores, hospitals, restaurants, theaters, cinemas, museums, drugstores are lacking wheelchair ramps. The same is with the cinema.

Many disabled people left their boarding houses and now live a normal life as the others, go to the same shops, may invite guests. They get an opportunity to learn, work, completely different than in boarding houses. The most important change in the law was the recognition of the rights of the disabled to decide what kind of help they need. Money that was used for paying specialists is given to disabled. Changes in recent years are the result of the struggle of non-state parent companies of disabled people for their rights.

The life of disabled in Chuvashia

According to authorities there are over 88 thousand persons with disabilities on the territory of Chuvashia.

Chuvash republican organization Russian public organization “Russian Society of Disabled” was established in 1988. The chairman of this organization is Kuzminykh Margarita Pavlovna member of Russian Public Movement “Civil Dignity”. The main tasks of this organization are. -Protection of the rights and interests of persons with disabilities; -The achievement of equality to participate in all spheres of society; -The integration of disabled people in society .

This organisation managed -To involve disabled people in physical culture and sports, to equip the district (city) organization with sports equipment; -Inform the disabled of our Republic about their rights and entitlements; -Create a video about their experience and labor rehabilitation of persons with disabilities; -To organize national festivals of art among the disabled, children with disabilities, families with disabilities; -To learn the disabled computer literacy; -To organize a trip to Sergiev Posad; -To issue a newspaper for the disabled “Voronezhdenie21” etc.

In 2011, a person with disabilities was given 8076 rubles, in 2012 – 8090 rubles, in 2013 – 9545 rubles. This year, the technical means of rehabilitation were provided with 5470 of 7159 applied. The Minister noted that currently all children with disabilities are provided with the necessary means of rehabilitation, adults – about 80%. At the same time the basic needs of persons with disabilities is provided fully. Especially they need absorbent underwear (31.7%), wheelchairs (12.7%), and orthopedic footwear (12.4%)

Conclusion

We are deeply sure that we must show sympathy, support, make a difference for disabled people. We mustn’t pass by and give a helping hand needy people.

We think we should be involved in different projects helping disabled people. It’s important to visit boarding houses as volunteers. If everybody does his best we can make our world a better place.

Our work will be useful for all people and we are sure that most of people become kinder, more tolerant to the disabled and only in such way we can make their life easier.

The used literature

• http://travma-life.ru/allnews
• http://www.invalist.ru
• http://aupam.narod.ru/pages/biblioteka
• www. wikipedia.org
• “ The World Countries”, Encyclopedia reference book, -2001, Smolensk: Rusich
• Shabanov A.N. “The World Countries”, The modern reference book, -2005, Moscow: “The World of Books”

Результаты опроса

• Было опрошено 20 человек. Результаты ответов:

На последний вопрос были даны варианты ответов : не бросать в беде людей с ограниченными возможностями, они такие же люди, как и мы; всегда поддерживать их, радоваться вместе с ними и помогать в трудных ситуациях; не оставлять в беде; создавать специальные оздоровительные центры для них; быть добрее к ним, не ущемлять их права, не обижать их ни словом, ни поступком.