План урока " Политическое устройство Великобритании"

 

Тема «Политическое устройство Великобритании».

Тип урока: комбинированный.

Цели урока.

• Совершенствование навыков чтения вслух и про себя.

• Развитие умения извлекать из текста нужную информацию.

• Развитие навыков монологической речи.

• Совершенствование грамматических навыков.

Оснащение. Карточки с раздаточным материалом.

Ход урока.

1. Проверка домашнего задания.

Пересказ текста «Российская федерация» стр.174-176 Учебник «Английский язык для инженеров» стр 53-56

II.Работа с темой «Политическое устройство Великобритании».

1. Беседа с учащимися.

Where is the UK situated?-On the British Isles.

What is the total area of Great Britain?-244 000 square km.

What countries is the UK made of?-England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland.

What are their capitals?- London, Cardiff, Edinburg, Belfast.

What channel separates the British Isles from the European Continent? The English Channel.

Great Britain is very beautiful. One of the poets called the country a ‘precious stone set in the silver sea’. Do you know this poet? Shakespeare.

What is the highest mountain in Great Britain?-Ben Nevis.

What is the longest river in Great Britain?-Severn.

What is the deepest and most important river?-Thames

Where do most people live (in cities or in villages)?-in cities.

What is one of the chief industries in the country?-shipbuilding.

Why is the climate of the British Isles mild?-because it is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and different seas and Channels from four sides Великобританияомывается Атлантическим океаном на севере и западе, Северным морем на востоке и Ирландским морем на западе, на юге отделена от материка проливами Ла-Манш и Па-Де-Кале.

The UK is a constitutional monarchy. What does it mean? In law the head of state is the Queen. In practice the Queen reigns but doesn’t rule. The country is ruled by the elected government with the prime minister at the head.

What are the main political parties in Great Britain? Labor, Conservative, Liberal

How is the English flag called? Union Jack.

1. Работа с текстом «Британское правительство»

Кисунько Е. И. « Устные темы для подготовки к ЕГЭ» стр. 193

1) Put the passages in the right order.

1 The United Kingdom or UK is a political term which includes England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. All of these countries are represented in Parliament in London, and the abbreviation UK is used on most official documents produced by Parliament. Britain is split into counties. The word county describes an area with its own local government. County councils are elected to run things, such as education, housing, town planning, and rubbish disposal. They look after things like roads, libraries and swimming pools.

2 In Britain the Queen is the Head of State, but in fact she doesn't rule the country .The most important function of the queen is ceremonial. The Queen is a symbol of the country, its history and its traditions. She is very rich. She travels about the United Kingdom, meets different people and visits schools, hospitals and other public places.

3 The real power in the country belongs to the British Parliament and to the British Government. The British Parliament has two houses, or chambers: the House of Commons and the House of Lords. The House of Commons is the most powerful and decides national policy, but the House of Lords can ask the House of Commons to rewrite certain parts of a bill before it becomes a new law.

4 The House of Commons consists of Members of Parliament, or MPs. The British people elect 650 members of the House of Commons every five years. The 1,203 members of the House of Lords are not elected. These members are permanent.

They are often aristocrats, people of the church, lawyers and former politicians.

5 The head of both Houses of Parliament is the Queen but she has very little power. It is the Queen who formally opens Parliament every autumn but the speech she makes from the throne is written for her by politicians. Nothing becomes British law without the monarch’s signature, but the Queen would never refuse to sign a bill which has been passed by parliament.

6 The British flag, known as the Union Jack, is a combination of three flags: the Saint Andrew’s cross, the Saint Patrick’s cross and the Saint George’s cross.

7 The Saint George’s cross is the English flag. Saint George is the patron saint of England. He was a soldier famous for saving the Princess Cleolinda from being eaten by a dragon. Saint George’s Day is celebrated on 23 April. The symbol of England is a red rose.

8 The Saint Andrew’s cross is the Scottish flag. Saint Andrew, a fisherman, was one of the 12 apostles who followed Jesus Christ. Paintings of Saint Andrew often show him being crucified on an X-shaped cross. Saint Andrew’s Day is celebrated on 30 November. He is the patron saint of both Scotland and Russia. The symbol of Scotland is a thistle. чертополох

9.The Welsh flag shows a dragon. Saint David, the patron saint of Wales, converted Wales to Christianity and established the Welsh church. Paintings of Saint David show him with a dove on his shoulder. Saint David’s Day is celebrated on 1 March. The symbol of Wales is a daffodil нарцисс or leek.

10.The Saint Patrick’s cross is the former flag of Ireland. Saint Patrick is the patron saint of Ireland. He was born about AD 390. He converted the Irish to Christianity. Saint Patrick’s Day is celebrated on 17 March. The symbol of Northern Ireland is a shamrock. Трилистник

• Крест Святого Георгия –прямой красный крест на белом фоне (Англия)

• Крест Святого Андрея- белый косой на синем фоне (Шотландия)

• Крест Святого Патрика- красный косой крест на белом фоне (Ирландия)

A The Saint Andrew’s cross is the Scottish flag. Saint Andrew, a fisherman, was one of the 12 apostles who followed Jesus Christ. Paintings of Saint Andrew often show him being crucified on an X-shaped cross. Saint Andrew’s Day is celebrated on 30 November. He is the patron saint of both Scotland and Russia. The symbol of Scotland is a thistle. Чертополох

B The real power in the country belongs to the British Parliament and to the British Government. The British Parliament has two houses, or chambers: the House of Commons and the House of Lords. The House of Commons is the most powerful and decides national policy, but the House of Lords can ask the House of Commons to rewrite certain parts of a bill before it becomes a new law.

C The British flag, known as the Union Jack, is a combination of three flags: the Saint Andrew’s cross, the Saint Patrick’s cross and the Saint George’s cross.

D The head of both Houses of Parliament is the Queen but she has very little power. It is the Queen who formally opens Parliament every autumn but the speech she makes from the throne is written for her by politicians. Nothing becomes British law without the monarch’s signature, but the Queen would never refuse to sign a bill which has been passed by parliament.

E The Saint George’s cross is the English flag. Saint George is the patron saint of England. He was a soldier famous for saving the Princess Cleolinda from being eaten by a dragon. Saint George’s Day is celebrated on 23 April. The symbol of England is a red rose.

F The House of Commons consists of Members of Parliament, or MPs. The British people elect 650 members of the House of Commons every five years. The 1,203 members of the House of Lords are not elected. These members are permanent.

They are often aristocrats, people of the church, lawyers and former politicians.

G The Saint Patrick’s cross is the former flag of Ireland. Saint Patrick is the patron saint of Ireland. He was born about AD 390. He converted the Irish to Christianity. Saint Patrick’s Day is celebrated on 17 March. The symbol of Northern Ireland is a shamrock. трилистник

H In Britain the Queen is the Head of State, but in fact she doesn't rule the country .The most important function of the queen is ceremonial. The Queen is a symbol of the country, its history and its traditions. She is very rich. She travels about the United Kingdom, meets different people and visits schools, hospitals and other public places.

I The Welsh flag shows a dragon. Saint David, the patron saint of Wales, converted Wales to Christianity and established the Welsh church. Paintings of Saint David show him with a dove on his shoulder. Saint David’s Day is celebrated on 1 March. The symbol of Wales is a daffodil нарцисс or leek.

J The United Kingdom or UK is a political term which includes England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. All of these countries are represented in Parliament in London, and the abbreviation UK is used on most official documents produced by Parliament. Britain is split into counties. The word county describes an area with its own local government. County councils are elected to run things, such as education, housing, town planning, and rubbish disposal. They look after things like roads, libraries and swimming pools.

2) Name the character.(Аудирование)

• She travels about the United Kingdom, meets different people and visits schools, hospitals and other public places. -Queen

• decides national policy.- The House of Commons

• consists of Members of Parliament -The House of Commons

• They look after things like roads, libraries and swimming pools.- County councils

• members of this chamber are not elected. The House of Lords

• consists of 1,203 members -the House of Lords

• The members of this chamber are often aristocrats, people of the church, lawyers and former politicians- the House of Lords

• is shown in pictures with a dove on his shoulder.- Saint David

• formally opens Parliament - Queen

• The British people elect 650 members to this chamber every five years. The House of Commons

• Paintings of this saint often show him being crucified on an X-shaped cross. -Saint Andrew

• He was a soldier famous for saving the Princess from being eaten by a dragon. -St George

• she has very little power-Queen

• established the Welsh church. -Saint David

• He is the patron saint of both Scotland and Russia.- Saint Andrew

• A symbol of the country history and its traditions-Queen

• are elected to run things, such as education, housing, town planning, and rubbish disposal- County councils

• makes the speech from the throne- Queen

• a fisherman, was one of the 12 apostles who followed Jesus Christ. -Saint Andrew

3) Ask question on the text.

1. What is the UK?

2. What does the word ‘county’ mean?

3. What is the role of the Queen in Britain?

4. Who does the real power in Britain belong to?

5. What does the British Parliament consist of?

6. What is the difference between the Commons and the Lords?

7. What do you know about the Union Jack?

8. What do you know about the patron saints in the UK?

9. Can you compare British and Russian political systems?

Дополнительный текст.

The British Parliament has two houses, or chambers: the House of Commons and the House of Lords. The House of Commons is the most poweful and decides national policy, but the House of Lords can ask the House of Commons to rewrite certain parts of a bill before it becomes a new law.

The House of Commons consists of Members of Parliament, MPs. Each MP is elected by voters in one constituency (region). There are 651 MPs, or seats, in the House of Commons (524 for England, 72 for Scotland, 38 for Wales and 17 for Northern Ireland). In 1994, there were only 59 women MPs.

The 1203 members of the House of Lords are not elected. some are life peers: they are members of the House of Lords, but their sons or daughters cannot be members. Life peers are usually former members of the House of Commons. There are also a number of judges or bishops. The majority (774), however, are hereditary peers, the heads of aristocratic families. This means that most members of the House of Lords are there because of something their ancestors did. The head of the both House of Parliament is the Queen, but she has very little power.  

 

Forming a government

The party with most MPs forms the government. The leader of the winning party automatically becomes Prime Minister and appoints the Cabinet. The members of the Cabinet are the leading government ministers. The Prime Minister is the most important person in Parliament (Britain does not have a President). The party who comes second is the Opposition and forms its own Shadow Cabinet.

 British Prime Minister have lived at 10 Downing Street since 1731. The Chancellor of the Exchequer (responsible for money and finance) lives next door at number 11. People often talk about "Downing Street" when they mean the Prime Minister and his or her Cabinet.

 

 

Two-party politics

 
Every five years, British people over the age of 18 can vote in a general

election. People vote for the candidate they want in their constituency (region). The candidate who wins becomes the MP in the House of Commons, even if he or she gets only one vote more than the candidate who is second. This is called the first past the post system.

The first past the post electoral system in Britain promotes the two most poweful parties at the expense of the smaller parties. Since the 1920s, the two main parties have been the left-wing Labour Party and the right-wing Conservative Party.

 The Liberal Democrats, a centre party, are not happy with the current first past the post electoral system. This is because it is a party which does not win many seats in Parliament, but comes second in many constituencies. It would prefer a system of proportional representation, in which the number of MPs is based on the number of people who vote for a party in the whole of the country. 

 

 

The Monarchy. What does the Queen do? 

Britain is a constitutional monarchy. This means that the monarch, at the moment Queen Elizabeth II, is the Head of State. The Queen is also head of the judiciary (all the judges) and of the Church of England, as well as the Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces. Her face is on all British bank notes, coins and postage stamps.

The Queen's constitutional role, however, is mainly symbolic. true power lies in the hands of the Prime Minister and his or her Cabinet. It is the Queen who formally opens Parliament every autumn, but the speech she makes from the throne, giving details of the government's future plans, is written for her by politicians. Nothing becomes British law without the monarch's signature, but the Queen would never refuse to sign a bill which has been passed by Parliament. It is the Queen who officially appoints the Prime Minister, but traditionally she always asks the leader of the party with a majority in the House of Commons.

  

The Queen: representing Britain.

The most important function of the Queen is ceremonial. On great occasions, such as the State Opening of Parliament, She is driven through the streets in a golden carriage, guarded by soldiers. She gives a state banquet, usually in her home Buckingham Palace, when foreign monarchs or Heads of State visit Britain and soldiers dressed in eighteenth-century uniforms help her welcome them.

The Queen is head of the Commonwealth (a group of former and present-day British colonies). As head of the Commonwealth, she meets and entertains prime ministers of the member states.

Since Elizabeth II came to the throne in 1952, she has represented Britain in visits to most parts of the world. Prime Ministers come and go, but she carries on above politics, a symbol of British traditions.

 

 

 

IV.Подведение итогов урока и задание на дом.

Выучить текст «United KIngdom» стр.68-69- « Английский для инженеров»