Методическая разработка по английскому языку “Computer networks”

МИНИСТЕРСТВО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ, НАУКИ И МОЛОДЕЖНОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ НИЖЕГОРОДСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ

Государственное бюджетное профессиональное образовательное учреждение

«ДЗЕРЖИНСКИЙ ХИМИЧЕСКИЙ ТЕХНИКУМ ИМЕНИ КРАСНОЙ АРМИИ»

Методическая разработка по английскому языку

Тема “Computer networks”

Выполнила: преподаватель английского языка

Виноградова А.В.

г.Дзержинск, 2023г.

Computer networks.

A computer network is an interconnection of a group of computers. Networks may be classified by what is called the network layer at which they operate according to basic reference models considered as standards in the industry such as the four-layer Internet Protocol Suite model. While the seven-layer Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) reference model is better known in academia, the majority of networks use the Internet Protocol Suite (IP) as their network model.

Networks can be classified by:

By scale.

Computer networks may be classified according to the scale:

-Personal Area Network (PAN),

-Local Area Network (LAN),

-Campus Area Network (CAN),

-Metropolitan Area Network (MAN), or Wide Area Network (WAN).

As Ethernet increasingly is the standard interface to networks, these distinctions are more important to the network administrator than the end user. Network administrators may have to tune the network, based on delay that derives from distance, to achieve the desired Quality of Service (QoS). The primary difference in the networks is the size.

By connection method.

Computer networks may be classified according to the hardware technology that is used to connect the individual devices in the network such as Optical fiber, Ethernet, Wireless LAN, Home PNA (Home Phoneline Networking Alliance), or Power line communication.

Ethernets use physical wiring to connect devices. Often, they employ the use of hubs, switches, bridges, and routers.

Wireless LAN technology is built to connect devices without wiring. These devices use a radio frequency to connect.

By functional relationship (Network Architectures).

Computer networks may be classified according to the functional relationships which exist between the elements of the network, for example, Client-server and Peer-to-peer (workgroup) architectures.

By network topology.

Computer networks may be classified according to the network topology upon which the network is based, such as Bus network, Star network, Ring (Token Ring) network, Mesh network, Star-bus network, Tree or Hierarchical topology network, etc.

Network Topology signifies the way in which intelligent devices in the network see their logical relations to one another. The use of the term "logical" here is significant. That is, network topology is independent of the "physical" layout of the network. Even if networked computers are physically placed in a linear arrangement, if they are connected via a hub, the network has a Star topology, rather than a Bus Topology. In this regard the visual and operational characteristics of a network are distinct; the logical network topology is not necessarily the same as the physical layout.

By protocol.

Computer networks may be classified according to the communications protocol that is being used on the network. See the articles on “List of network protocols” for more information.

1. Типы сетей. Рассказ с показом. Учащиеся по ходу изложения материала делают зарисовки и записывают по-английски типы сетей. Как вариант, можно показать презентацию "Топология сетей".

1. Выполнение упражнения "Вариант LAN"

а) показ на экране типичной локальной сети, краткие пояснения учителя.

б) прослушивание записи "Вариант LAN" 2 раза. Перед этим рекомендуется создать звуковую запись текста (смотри ниже), попросив кого-нибудь из коллег. К сожалению, внести оригинальную звукозапись не позволяет формат сайта. У автора она есть.

в) заполнение таблицы с ответами:

1	mixed
2	(file) server
3	Ethernet cable
4	wireless router
5	modem
6	router

1. Дополнительно, если остаётся время, предложить учащимся (добровольно) сделать описание LAN, пользуясь слайдом и прослушанной информацией

Ниже приводится текст описания варианта LAN.

Small networks are called local area networks, or LANs. These are groups of computers within a small physical area, like a home or an office building.

In this diagram we see a mixed wired and wireless LAN. It's a typical solution for small businesses that already have a wired LAN and decide to expand it with wireless technologies to accommodate new needs. In the existing fixed wired LAN the central computer is a file server with a large hard drive used to store common files and application programmes. The computers acting as clients are connected to the file server or to a printer via Ethernet cables.

In the wireless part of the network several devices including desktops, laptops, PDAs and a gaming console are connected to each other without cables. This part is controlled by the wireless access point, or so called a wireless router. This access point is like a base station that transmits and receives radio frequencies for wireless enabled devices.

Each device that operates over the network is equipped with a wireless card, or adaptor. Many wireless LANs use Wi-Fi, or wireless technology that uses radio waves to enable communication between devices in a limited area. This gives users flexibility and mobility. Another popular technology is Bluetooth used for short distances.

The whole network is linked to the Internet via broad band modem. This modem is plugged into a router or hub, which splits the Internet connection into parts, and allows all users to access e-mail and Web resources.

With appropriate networking software users on the wireless LAN can share files and the printer located on the wired LAN.

wireless router , local area networks, mixed wired, Ethernet cables wireless, technologies, file server, common files, application programmes, wireless access point, Wi-Fi, wireless card, broad band modem, e-mail, Web resources.

Small networks are called ___________, or LANs. These are groups of computers within a small physical area, like a home or an office building.

In this diagram we see a ________ and ________ LAN. It's a typical solution for small businesses that already have a wired LAN and decide to expand it with wireless __________ to accommodate new needs. In the existing fixed wired LAN the central computer is a __________ with a large hard drive used to store _________ and __________. The computers acting as clients are connected to the file server or to a printer via _________.

In the wireless part of the network several devices including desktops, laptops, PDAs and a gaming console are connected to each other without cables. This part is controlled by the _________, or so called a _________. This access point is like a base station that transmits and receives radio frequencies for wireless enabled devices.

Each device that operates over the network is equipped with a _________, or adaptor. Many wireless LANs use _________, or wireless technology that uses radio waves to enable communication between devices in a limited area. This gives users flexibility and mobility. Another popular technology is Bluetooth used for short distances.

The whole network is linked to the Internet via _________. This modem is plugged into a router or hub, which splits the Internet connection into parts, and allows all users to access ______ and ___________.

With appropriate networking software users on the wireless LAN can share files and the printer located on the wired LAN.

Vocabulary

Local area network = локальная сеть	Wireless access point = точка беспроводного доступа
Mixed wired and wireless LAN = смешанная проводная и беспроводная локальная сеть	Wireless router = беспроводной роутер
Wireless technologies = беспроводные технологии	Wireless card = карта (адаптер) беспроводных соединений
File server = сервер	Wi-Fi = беспроводные способы соединения
Common files = общие файлы	Broad band modem = широкополосный модем
Application programs = прикладные программы
Ethernet cables = кабельное соединение "Эзернет"