Презентация на тему Conditionals

Conditional Clauses

Zero Conditional

First Conditional

Second Conditional

Third Conditional

• We have four tipes of conditionals:

Zero Conditional

• 1) Form

In 'zero' conditional sentences, the tense in both parts of the sentence is the simple present:

• NOTE : The order of the clauses is not fixed - the 'if' clause can be first or second:

Ice melts if you heat it.

You get wet if it rains.

IF' CLAUSE (CONDITION)

MAIN CLAUSE (RESULT)

If + simple present

simple present

If it rains

you get wet

Examples:

a) If you freeze water, it becomes a solid.

b) Plants die if they don't get enough water.

c) If you mix red and blue, you get purple.

d) If my husband has a cold, I usually catch it.

• 2) Function

In these sentences, the time is now or always and the situation is real and possible . They are used to make statements about the real world, and often refer to general truths, such as scientific facts.

First Conditional

• We are talking about the future. We are thinking about a particular condition or situation in the future, and the result of this condition. There is a real possibility that this condition will happen.

• Form:

IF

condition

result

present simple

If

WILL + base verb

it rains

I will stay at home.

The second Conditional

Often called the "unreal" conditional because it is used for unreal - impossible or improbable - situations. This conditional provides an imaginary result for a given situation.

Note:The

IF

condition

result

past simple

If

I married Mary

WOULD + base verb

If

I would be happy.

Ram became rich

If

I won the lottery

she would marry him.

I would buy a car.

The Third Conditional

• Often referred to as the "past" conditional because it concerns only past situations with hypothetical results. Used to express a hypothetical result to a past given situation.

• Conditional 3 is formed by the use of the past perfect in the if clause followed by a comma would have past participle in the result clause. You can also put the result clause first without using a comma between the clauses.

condition

result

Past Perfect

If

I had won the lottery

WOULD HAVE + Past Participle

I would have bought a car.

Sometimes we use should

Example:If

IF

condition

result

past perfect

If

I had seen Mary

WOULD HAVE + past participle

If

I would have told her.

Tara had been free yesterday

If

they had not passed their exam

I would have invited her.

their teacher would have been sad.