THE ROLE OF PHYSICAL TRAINING IN SYSTEM OF SOCIAL WORK WITH THE POPULATION

 THE ROLE OF  PHYSICAL TRAINING IN SYSTEM

OF SOCIAL WORK WITH THE POPULATION

Pavlodar State University named after  S.Torajgyrov.

Ма?алада халы?пен ?леуметтік ж?мыс ж?йсінде денешыны?тыруды? р?лі к?рсетіледі.

In the article the role of phisical training  in social work with  people is observed.

         Social work allows to solve a wide range of problems of social protection of

 the population by means of methods and physical training and sports means, their number and a variety is so great that at times covers the basic, an ultimate aim  of social work. Therefore social workers quite often have an impression that such purpose is well-being of wards of persons, that is, maintenance minimum or maximum of household comfort, a satisfactory food and granting of a sufficient set of services. However an ultimate aim  of all efforts is health protection and lives of served persons. Without understanding of this purpose social workers not always can correctly organize the work. They should understand  accurately that at the basis  of any social program there should be inquiries of health, that is, recommendations of hygiene of a medical science about health, ways of its preservation and improvement, about a healthy way of life. Deviations of programs from a principle of hygienic validity lead to their lameness and reduce their efficiency.

         Social workers should have accurate representations about a phenomenon of health and about a healthy way of life. Without such representations social work is defective.

         The concept "way of life" is treated as type of ability to live of the people, caused by features of a socioeconomic structure. Main parameters of a way of life are work (study for growing  generation), a life, political and cultural activity of people, and also various behavioral habits and displays. If their organization and the maintenance promote health strengthening, there are  the bases to speak about realization of a healthy way of life which can be considered as a combination of kinds of the activity, providing optimum interaction of the individual with the environment. The healthy way of life is the unique style of life, capable to provide restoration, preservation and improvement of health of the population. Therefore formation of this style of life at the population  is  the major social technology of the state value and scale. Physical training plays the major role in formation of a healthy way of life.

         "Physical training"  is accepted to understand a series of measures as concept on health strengthening, development of physical and mental properties of the person by means of impellent exercises in a combination to rational use of natural factors of the nature and carrying out of hygienic actions. The physical training is a set of achievements of a society in business of creation and rational use of special means, methods and conditions for purposeful physical perfection of the person.

         Physical training and sports, representing subjective and objective aspect of life of people, play a huge role in formation of working conditions and human life.

The physical training and sports help preservation and strengthening of health and working capacity of people, give the chance to them to rise to tops of physical, spiritual and cultural perfection. Thereby they enrich creative abilities of people, culture, formation, education, give cheerfulness to  them, raise labor activity, are the perfect factor of formation of a way of life of each person separately and all society as a whole.

         Physical training possibilities in sphere of social protection of people are boundless. It is not obviously possible to open here all technique of rehabilitation or recreational work by means of physical training.  But it is necessary to list the basic directions and the practical importance:

1. recently, according to World Health Organization, noninfectious diseases have great  development: cardiovascular, a backbone osteochondrosis,  losses from which many times over exceed losses from infectious diseases, industrial and transport traumas and even loss from wars. The special place in preventive maintenance of these diseases is occupied with special programs of physical exercises as they directly influence those physiological mechanisms which infringement leads to occurrence and development  of diseases;
2. social protection of invalids as the most restrained in social and economic and moral and psychological relation of levels of population demands purposeful activity of the state and other subjects in the field of formation of civilized living conditions which necessarily include also  physical exercises.  One of leading directions in restoration of the lost possibilities of normal impellent certificates is application of modern training devices. Training systems are probable not unique means for rehabilitation and improving employment of invalids;
3. features of modern manufacture and relations of production demand from the person of high functionality of an organism: attention, memory, operative thinking, speed of reactions, stability to adverse factors, high working capacity, etc.

         In our opinion, it is necessary to specify overall aims and physical training means in population social protection:

1. Principle of an improving orientation  is  one of main principles of the mass sports activity, following from the purposes and physical training problems in a society;
2. The physical training is means of active high-grade rest of people, employment by physical exercises on a nature, i.e. its kinds which promote regulation of vegetative functions of an organism have especially important hygienic value;
3. The physical training for many becomes the form of self-development. Physical training is  a natural way of display of the person in a society. In the majority of sports we deal not only  with physical strength or endurance display, and with complete expression of the human person or force of collective. In this plan sports give to the person multilateral satisfaction from display of the intrinsic forces. As well as art, sports constantly opens new human abilities and possibilities.
4. It is difficult to find more an effective remedy for decrease in social intensity in a society, for preventive maintenance asocial  behavior of youth, than employment physical exercises  and  in-inclination it in a circle of persons, interested in sports.

         For the decision of these problems it is necessary for social worker to work in close contact to experts of physical training: trainers of children's sports schools, heads of sports societies and the organizations, teachers on physical training of educational institutions, trainers-public men in a residence. In commonwealth with them it is necessary to solve and problems on strengthening of material base for employment by physical training and sports in region.

         Necessity of radical reorganization of physical training is dictated by a sharp aggravation of a question about population health.

         Daily in connection with time invalidity about 4 million persons don't come to work, about 60 % of pupils are ill respiratory diseases, about 20 % have excess weight, 43 % of pupils suffer various chronic diseases. The quantity of healthy children for years of studying at school is reduced four times.

         The considerable part of youth doesn't get sufficient education in physical training sphere, mass sports isn't formed. Level of physical health  of youths  as a whole doesn't correspond to modern social and economic requirements to development of the person.

         The system of knowledge and belief, valuable orientations and motivational sphere of the person will organize and direct its informative and practical activities, define actively positive relation to the physical training, the generated requirement for daily employment by physical exercises, aiming at a healthy way of life and physical perfection, display in them amateur performance.

         Radical reorganization of system of physical training of rising generation assumes the organization of continuous process of physical training taking into account concrete social situations, since early children's age, its carrying out in various microhabitats: in a family, a class, a group, a section, a club and etc.; with participation of all subjects of education: teachers, parents, social pedago-gov, trainers, the public, instructors and etc.

         Reorganization of system of physical training in system of a social  population protection is carried out on the basis of following requirements:

• optimization of a mode by realization recommended on structure and volume of a moving mode;
• expansion of a spectrum of offered systems of physical exercises  with the maximum coverage of all children living in microdistrict and teenagers, and also their parents, families;
• streamlining of organizational structure of management by improving and sports-mass work with the population in a residence;

         Any social worker should know about positive sides of physical training which has huge value in strengthening of health and social  population supports.

         Thus, the physical training in system is directed to social protection of  population, strengthening and development of health of the population as psychophysical basis of ability to live.

Used literature.

1. Pavlenok  P.D.  “Basis of social work” М – Infra, 1998

Data on authors

Ajguzhinova Gulmira Zejnullinovna,  undergraduate  PSU named after   S.Torajgyrov       

 E-mail gulmira_aiguzhinova.mail.ru