башмак натяжного устройства цепи – chair of the chain tensioner
блок цилиндров – engine block
(приточная) трубка вентиляции – ventilation tube
головка цилиндра - cylindar head
выпускной патрубок – exhaust branch
выпускной клапан – exhaust valve
ведомая звездочка – driven sprocket
впускной клапан – admission valve
распределительный вал - camshaft
рычаг привода – actuator arm
резьбовая втулка – threaded bushing
корпус подшипника – bearing housing
пробка горловины (залив масла) – filler plug
крышка цилиндра – cylinder cover
датчик температуры – heat sensor
свеча зажигания – sparking plug
маховик коленчатого вала – crankshaft flywheel
держатель (сальника) - retainer
крышка шатуна – big end cap
масляный картер – oil sump
поршень - piston
перегородка – baffle plate
шатун - link
цилиндр - cylinder
пробка (сливного) отверстия – drain plug
пяти опорный коленчатый вал – five-bearing crankshaft
4. Now answer the questions using your notes in the picture.
What is this? N 30 This is ........
What is this? N 18
What is this? N 9
What is this? N 6
What is this? N 33
What is this? N 24
What is this? N 17
What is this? N 25
What is this? N 13
What is this? N 18
Due to it anair-fuel mixture gets in the cylinder.
It is inside the cylinder.
It is a massive metal disk which is fastened to the crankshaft of the engine.
It untwists the crankshaft due to the link and crank.
It moves up and down.
A spark jumps between electrodes of the ......
Read the text, translate it.
Finding a fault in a car
If your car doesn’t start in the morning, you should check three things first: the battery, the fuel level and the spark plugs. It is easy to repair these faults. If the battery is flat, you should recharge it. If this doesn’t work, you should replace it. If the petrol tank is empty, fill it up. If the spark plugs are dirty, clean them, and if the gap in a spark plug is too narrow or too wide, adjust it to the correct width.
If your car still doesn’t start, the petrol pump may be broken, or the fuel pipe may be blocked. If the pump is broken, it must be repaired or replaced. If the fuel pipe is blocked, take it off and unblock it.
If there is a loud click when you turn the key, the starter motor may be jammed. If it is, you can try to release it by pushing the car forwards and backwards (in 2nd gear). If the car still doesn’t start, the starter motor should be repaired or replaced.
Two main types of the engine
The two most common types of engine for land vehicles are the petrol engine and the diesel engine.
Petrol engines are usually lighter and smaller than diesel engines. This makes them cheaper, and this is why most cars and motorbikes use petrol engines. Petrol engines are also less than diesel engines. They usually go faster. On the other hand, diesel engines use less fuel and last longer than petrol engines, and this is why larger vehicles such as trucks and trains use them. They are also safer than petrol engines, because they are less danger of fire.
There are two main types of petrol engine – 4-stroke and 2-stroke. All cars and larger motor-cycles use 4-stroke engines. But most smaller motorbikes use 2-stroke engines. These are lighter and smaller than 4-stroke engines, and are therefore cheaper.
Answer the questions:
Which is the lightest of the engines?
Which is the least expensive?
Which is the noisiest?
Which is the largest?
Which is the safest? Why?
Which uses the least fuel?
6. So, our lesson is going to a conclusion.
Let’s summarize the results of our work:
During the lesson you were working hard.
You knew professional terms, learned the translation of the words, practiced in reading and speaking English.