Научно-исследовательская работа "Human Impact on the Earth" (Автор: Зыкина Милена, 9 класс)

ГОРОДСКОЙ КОНКУРС НАУЧНО-ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИХ

И ТВОРЧЕСКИХ РАБОТ «ПЕРВЫЕ ШАГИ В НАУКЕ»

Секция: лингвистика (английский язык)

Тема:«Human Impact on the Earth»

Автор: Зыкина Милена, ученица 9 «а» класса

Научный руководитель: Костылева Е.В., учитель английского языка

Место выполнения работы: МАОУ СОШ №6 город Красноуральск

Свердловской области

2014

Contents

1.Introduction 3

2.The main part 5

2.1.Ecological problems of the Earth 5

2.2.Ecological situation in Krasnouralsk 14

2.3.Protection of the Environment 16

2.4.My research 19

3.Conclusion 25

4.Resources 26

5. Supplement 30

1.Introduction

Urgency of the project:

the project «Human impact on the Earth» is actual because with the development of civilization man's interference in nature began to increase and our environment is getting worse day by day. People are suffering for their mistakes. They are affected by the environment, and more people are getting sicker. This could affect their families and their future one day. The Earth is my homeand I am also worried about it.

Purpose:

formation of ecological culture of learners, nurturing conscious attitude toward the environment

Tasks:

to enrich my knowledge about ecological problems on the Earth;

to reveal the reasons of a bad ecological situation in Krasnouralsk;

to inform students about the ways they can care about the environment;

to do research to find out people’s opinion on the problems of ecology in Krasnouralsk;

to analyze and sum the results of the research;

to make a «Be Green» booklet and a poster «The Earth is your home».

Hypothesis:

I suggest that our planet is in danger because of man’s interference and only people can save it.

Subject:

factors of human impact on the environment, the role of a man in it and his responsibility for it

Object:

study of the factors of human impact on the Earth

Methods of research:

study of information, an experiment, a survey, an interview

Review of literature:

Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, contains the most complete disclosure of the content of this project. It describes causes and effects of different kinds of pollution (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_pollution

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_pollution

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_contamination).

The article “What is an endangered species?” (http://www.arkive.org/endangered-species/) reports about endangered species and their protection.

The article “Ways on how to prevent, reduce or to stop pollution today (air, water, and land)” by Lory Rich (http://loryrich.hubpages.com/hub/reduce-pollution)

informs about the ways people can protect their planet.

The local material was used to describe the ecological situation of Krasnouralsk. The articles “The problem of environmental pollution by lead in the Sverdlovsk region and its danger to the health of children in Krasnouralsk” by Demid Nikitintsev and “Svyatogor breaks records in releasing toxins into the atmosphere" by Maksim Bichev tell us about the dangerous impact of the copper works on the population of Krasnouralsk ( http://www.ecosystema.ru/07referats/zagr_sverd.htm

http://vestiural.com/news/20120528/01843.html).

Problematic questions:

What is the 21^st century bringing the mankind: all people’s prosperity or the desperate struggle for surviving?

What are the main ecological problems on the Earth?

What factors caused the environmental degradation of our planet?

Is a human being responsible for it?

How do ecological problems influence the life of the people of Krasnouralsk?

Will people be able to solve the main ecological problems and save our planet?

Practical significance:

This project can be used at the English lessons. It also can be used for extracurricular activities.

2.The main part 2.1.Ecological problems of the Earth

Since ancient times Nature has been served by Man, being the source of his life. For thousands of years people lived in harmony with environment and it seemed to them that natural riches were unlimited. But with the development of civilization man's interference in nature began to increase. People all over the world are worried about environmental problems.

People are most concerned about the following environme ntal issues:

1. air pollution; 2. water pollution; 3. land pollution; 4. wildlife conservation.

Air pollution

Air pollution is one of the most burning problems of nowadays. Air pollution is actually the addition of any harmful substances to the atmosphere, which causes the damaging of the environment, harm to humans and other living organisms. The major sources of pollution come from human activities. Burning fossil fuels, natural gases, coal and oil, power stations, factories and motor vehicles all produce polluting gases.

Large cities have thousands of smoky industrial enterprises. The by-products of their activity pollute the air we breathe. Every year world industry pollutes the atmosphere with about 1000 million tons of dust and other harmful substances. In Cairo just to breathe the air is like smoking two packs of cigarettes a day. Mexico City and 600 cities of Russia have dirty air. Many cities suffer from smog. So, it is usually hard to breathe in the large cities where there are lots of plants. Everything there is covered with soot and dirt. Many factories release sulfates into the air. When the sulfates mix with the clouds, acid rains fall and harm forests, rivers and all living creatures. Acid rain is a result of air pollution.

Vast forests are cut and burn in fire. Their disappearance upsets the oxygen balance. As a result some rare species of animals, birds, fish and plants disappear forever, a number of rivers and lakes dry up. Now millions cars, buses, trucks all over the world exhaust fumes into the atmosphere. All these affect harmfully. Cars with their engine have become the main source of pollution in industrial countries.

Global warming or the greenhouse effect is another effect from air pollution. Air pollution has reached such a critical stage where it affects the earth's atmosphere as it lets in more harmful radiation from the sun. Consequently, our polluted atmosphere is becoming a better insulator, thus, preventing heat from escaping back into space.

Air Pollution Facts
Top 10 most polluted cities are located in India, Pakistan and Iran. New Delhi is the world’s most polluted major city. The most polluted cities of Russia are Norilsk and Dzerzhinsk.
A person living near a metropolis is 20% more vulnerable to lung cancer than a person living in a village. Over 20 million people in the U.S., including six million children now gasp for breath due to asthma.
28% of the Americans believe they are most affected by air pollution caused by vehicles. Air pollution caused in traffic increases the chances of heart attack.
Acid rain has a major impact on forestation. According to the statistics available, acid rain has led to the death of 1 million hectares of forest in middle Europe and some 9,000 in northern Italy.

Water pollution

One of the main environmental problems is saving fresh drinking water. Water is necessary for life.

97% of world’s water is salt water.

Only 3%of the world’s water is fresh water.

70% of the world’s fresh water is ice and 25% is underground.

5% of fresh water is available in lakes and rivers.

As a rule, 80 liters of water a day is enough to the person to satisfy the needs of one person, but people from different countries and regions use more or less than that.

In the USA people use 380 liters a day, in the UK — 160, in Germany — 149, in Spain — 130 liters a day, in Russia -200. In desert areas people use 5 liters a day.

We need water for drinking, for cooking, for industry and agriculture, for domestic needs. All organisms contain it, some drink it and some live in it. Plants and animals require water that is pure, and they cannot survive, if water contains toxic chemicals or harmful microorganisms. Water pollution kills large quantity of fish, birds, and other animals, in some cases killing everything in an affected area.

The seas are in danger. Many companies dump chemical and nuclear waste into water. The Mediterranean is already nearly dead; the North Sea is following. The Aral Sea is on the brink of extinction. Half of the lakes in the world are polluted. If nothing is done about it, one day nothing will be able to live in the seas.

Pollution makes streams, lakes, and coastal waters unpleasant to swim in or to have a rest. Fish and shellfish harvested from polluted waters may be unsafe to eat. People who polluted water can become ill, if they drink polluted water for a long time, it may develop cancer or hurt their future children.

The major water pollutants are chemical, biological, and physical materials that lessen the water quality. Pollutants can be separated into several different classes:

• petroleum products: oil, fuel, lubrication, plastics;

• chemicals: pesticides and herbicides;

• heavy metals: mercury, selenium, uranium, radium, etc.;

• fertilizers and other nutrients used to promote plant growth on farms and in gardens;

• infectious organisms and pathogens;

• thermal pollution.

Water pollution facts
Worldwide, 1 out of every 5 deaths of children is due to a water-related disease
Cholera: more than 50 countries still report cholera to World Health Organisation.
Every day 2 million tons (1.8 billion kilograms) of human waste are disposed of in waterways around the world.
In developing countries 70 percent of industrial wastes are dumped into waters where they pollute the usable water supply.

Land Pollution

Land pollution is a result of dumping human, industrial, nuclear and agricultural waste. When we speak of waste - also known as garbage, trash, litter, rubbish, refuse - we think of smelly, messy stuff. It's the junk we consider worthless, and throw away. No one wants to think about it, much less deal with it.

Each week we throw the garbage away, we think on it no more: out of sight = out of mind. But where does it go? And what would happen if nobody came to take the trash away? What's in our garbage?

About one-third of the household waste we produce is composed of paper; another third is organic waste: food scraps and yard waste (grass clippings, dead plants); and the final third is made up of glass, metals, plastics, textiles (clothing, linens), wood, and other materials (washing machines, old furniture, rubber tires). Electronic waste, or "e-waste," such as computers and cell phones is also a problem in Russia.

When dangerous waste (batteries, paint, solvent, drain cleaner, oven cleaner, pesticides, moth balls, etc.), is not disposed of properly, it can harm people and the environment by contaminating ground water and soil.

What happens to this trash? It may disappear from our house, but it doesn't disappear from the planet. Some gets recycled or recovered and some is burned, but the majority is buried in landfills. And when we really look at what we throw away, we can see that most of our garbage isn't really garbage at all, but rather reusable, recyclable materials. The smelly, messy stuff is just a small part of our waste. Every garbage bag contains valuable resources and energy that we are throwing away.

One of the biggest threats to the eco-system caused by land pollution is chemical contamination. Plastics, toxins in wastes like anti-freeze and other chemicals seep into the ground where they remain. Many modern day chemicals and materials do not biodegrade or break down. Plants growing in the ground, animals that eat the plants and even humans are all affected by these chemicals. This can lead to the loss of some types of plant and animal life as well as create long-term health problems such as cancer in humans.

When land pollution is bad enough, it damages the soil. This means that plants may fail to grow there, robbing the eco-system of a food source for animals. Eco-systems may also be upset by pollution when the soil fails to sustain native plants, but can still support other vegetation. Invasive weeds that choke off the remaining sources of native vegetation can spring up in areas that have been weakened by pollution.

Something to think about

Is an old newspaper garbage? No! It came from a tree that might have taken a hundred years to grow. It takes 17 full grown trees to make a tonne of newspaper. It can be made into new paper, insulation, egg cartons and even kitty litter!

Is a plastic container garbage? No! It was made from coal or oil and mixed with water and limestone. It can be recycled to make toys, ropes, binders, flowerpots, park benches, blue boxes!

Land pollution facts
The United States alone use 2.8 billion pencils a year. Most North Americans use more than 260 kg of paper a year. This means the paper that a family of 4 throws away in a year weighs as much as a car!
Plastic bottles and bags are typically made of polyethylene and can take up to 500 years to biodegrade.
Each Canadian in average produces an astonishing 2.2 kg of waste each day. That’s 30 million tonnes of waste in total each year.
Glass containers are not biodegradable.

Wildlife conservation

Animals’ extinction is also one of the most important problems nowadays. This issue is connected with cutting down forests, illegal hunting for fur animals and pollution. Cutting rainforests means cutting our planet's lungs.

Two thirds of the whole oxygen in the world is produced by rainforests. Many kinds of animals and plants are lost when the rainforests disappear. Extinct species no longer occur anywhere on Earth, and once gone they are gone forever.

Even weather is changed by the destruction of rainforests. All these reasons should make the humanity stop destroying and take on active recycling instead.

You have to know that 160 species of birds, 100 species of mammals, have disappeared on the Earth, 2000 species of plants, 1200 species of mammals, 600 species of birds need protection. In the Urals 11 species of fish, 34 species of insects, 7 species of mammals, 19 species of birds, 3 species of reptiles need protection.

Nowadays many animals are facing extinction such as Siberian (Amur) Tiger, Loggerhead Turtle, Northern Bald Ibis, Lion-Tailed Macaque, Mandarin Duck, Mountain Gorilla, Jackass Penguin, Blue Whale, Komodo Dragon, Golden Lion Tamarin, Californian Condor.

In the 1970s there were 1.3 million African elephants. Today, because of poaching, there are under 85,000. In 1981 there were 15,000 black rhinos in Africa. Today, because of illegal hunting, that number is 4,500.

Perhaps the most famous rare animal is the panda. Twenty years ago it was nearly extinct. Now, its numbers are growing again. It's even become a symbol for wildlife conservation. But many other species have been less lucky than the panda. Sonic are already extinct. Today, many more are in serious danger. This is because man hunts them, destroys and pollutes their habitat. Pollution and destruction change the balance of nature. Each species in a habitat (for example, wood, jungle, marsh or forest) needs and helps the rest. If one animal, bird or insect disappears, all the others suffer, too. Habitats and animals are disappearing in Europe. Since 1947 in Britain, for example 50% of the woods have disappeared, 50% of the marshes have disappeared, 95% of the meadows have disappeared.

Man has always been a hunter. He still is. But many modern hunters don't just kill for food - they kill for profit. That's why so many rare and protected animals are still dying. Hunters like these are called poachers. In the I940s, 90% of skins and furs came from wild animals. Today that number is 15%. That's because most modern skins come from fur farms. There are more than 2,000 in Scandinavia and 340 in Russia. They don't keep rare or protected animals. Fur farmers kill and sell over 34 million mink every year. Animals in fur farms live in good conditions and die without pain (the farmers give them an injection). But what about the other 15% of furs? Well - these still come from wild animals. Hunters catch most of them in traps. These are made of metal and are very sharp. Most animals caught in traps die very slowly. The USA traps over 20 million animals every year. The most popular furs are mink, sable, fox, squirrel and lynx. These rare animals are all in danger because hunters kill them for their fur.

Now look at this table and you will see what rare and valuable species of animals are on the brink of extinction in different countries.

Endangered animals
	The USA The Florida panther , Mississippi gopher frog, Polar bear, San Joaquin kit fox, Columbian white-tailed deer
	Great Britain Scottish Wildcat, Bottlenose Dolphin, European Hare, Red Squirrel, European Hedgehog
	Australia Lesser Rabbit Bandicoot, Pig-footed Bandicoot, Helmeted honeyeater, Eyrean grasswren (flycatcher), Queensland hairy-nosed wombat.
	New Zealand Kokako (wattlebird), New Zealand bushwren, Bittern, New Zealand Sea Lion, Bryde's whale.
	Russia The Amur tiger, the Amur leopard, the Snow leopard, Polar bear, Russian lynx

2.2.Ecological situation in Krasnouralsk

Our city is one of the most environmentally disadvantaged not only in the region but also in Russia. Krasnouralsk is a metallurgical center. There is the copper smelter "Svjatogor" in it which became a kind of "monopoly" on air pollution in Krasnouralsk.

According to available estimates of environmentalists, the plant emits 96% of total atmospheric pollutants (71.7 tons per year). Citizens often have to breathe colorless, toxic gas with a specific odor ( sulfur dioxide) .

Lead is one of the most toxic components of the contamination. According to monitoring results, due to the activities of "Svjatogor" local water and soil gets about 160 tons of lead per year - the highest rate in the region of the Middle Urals.

Over the period 1990-1995 "Svjatogor" released into the environment from 155 to 170 tons of lead per year; this number is one of the highest of all the industrial cities of the Middle Urals. Lead accumulates in the body, causing irreversible damage to the brain, nervous and cardiovascular systems. Deep studies on the lead influence for children's health were conducted in Krasnouralsk. The studies included the special medical examination of 100 children aged 3 to 7 years attending kindergartens located at different distances from the copper plant, holding a general clinical analysis of the blood of these children, some immunological tests and the determination of lead in blood, hair and baby teeth. The results showed an average grade of lead in children's blood 13,1 mg / dl. (The norm is 2 mg/dl.) The delay of the psychological development was observed in 76% of the examined children.

Krasnouralsk is one of the leaders of the Sverdlovsk region in oncology. Residents in one voice say that one of the most common diseases in Krasnouralsk is cancer. Respiratory diseases, diseases of the circulatory and cardiovascular system are also common. Death rate in our town is very high.

Not in the least worried about the consequences of production for local residents, in 2011, "Svyatogor" increased extraction of ore from the North copper-zinc mine at 55%. In the same year, the maximum single concentration of hydrogen sulfide, which is formed during smelting works exceeded the norm almost 10 times. Due to copper ore mining the air in Krasnouralsk "enriched" the increased amount of carbon dioxide and fine dust, inhalation of which affects the lungs, as a minimum, of 10-thousand local residents.

Now "Svjatogor" is responsible for 99% of emissions of sulfur gases in Krasnouralsk, 65% - nitrogen dioxide, 53.9% - carbon compounds. Metallurgical wastes are not subjected to the proper disposal and stored at its industrial sites. This plant is also a major producer of urban waste, most of which belongs to the 4th class of danger!

Meanwhile, the content of harmful substances in the shops of the plant, where people work, is higher than normal. "Svyatogor" does not fulfill some of its responsibilities as an employer. For example, the factory violates requirements for the employment of women, and workers do not receive any medical examinations for cancer prevention. 

As a result, the population of Krasnouralsk over the past 25 years decreased by one third - from 36 to 24 thousand people.

2.3.Protection of the Environment

People begin to realize that environmental problems are our problems There are many groups in the worldwhich try to protect the environment. The most famous group is Greenpeace, which campaigns in

many countries around the world. They have campaigned against hunting whales, pollution in the North Sea, nuclear power, and many other problems. Another important environmental group is Friends of the Earth. They campaigned against global warming, the destruction of the rain forests, and the hole in the ozone layer. World Wild Fund for Nature (WWF) is worldwide known for protection of rare and endangered species of wild animals.

There are many other groups which are worried about the environment. The oldest is the National Trust which was set up in 1895 to protect parks, buildings and monuments in Britain.

As many as 159 countries — members of the UNO — have set up environmental protection agencies. Numerous conferences have been held by these agencies to discuss problems facing ecologically poor regions including the Aral Sea, the South Urals, Kuzbass, Semipalatinsk and Chernobyl.

An international environmental research centre has been set up on Lake Baikal. But these are only the initial steps and they must be carried onward to protect nature, to save life on the planet not only for the sake of the present but also for the future generations.

People all over the world are working to help some endangered animals from extinction. There are conservation organizations which try to make people aware of the problems facing wild animals.

However, the influence of individuals over environment should not be ignored. If we do not confess that our planet is our home, we will never be able to take adequately care of it. We have to contribute every day to the preservation of nature and environment.

Preventing Air Pollution

Reduce waste from factories, plants and atomic power stations.

Always remember to save energy by switching off lamps, computers and everything that you do not use.

Reduce the amount of time you spend in the car. Driving vehicles can also be environment friendly. Don’t drive a car or try to use it less and instead of this ride a bicycle or use public transport.

Avoid accelerating the engines too rapidly.

Choose not to smoke in your home, especially if you have children.

Plant trees to save the world’s oxygen.

Don’t use the air conditioning in the country, where it would be better to save energy and simply open the windows.

Preventing Water Pollution

Don't litter, especially in or near water sources;

Organize a community cleanup event near a river or lake where you live;

Use green household cleaners and laundry detergents;

Use natural lawn fertilizers, such as manure instead of chemical fertilizers;

Buy organic food that is produced without the use of chemical pesticides or fertilizers;

Dispose of hazardous materials, such as paint, motor oil, antifreeze and lawn fertilizers responsibly, never down household drains or in the gutter.

Save fresh water, in the morning, when you brush teeth and switch off the water and try to waste it less.

Preventing Land Pollution

Recycle paper, plastics, aluminum cans and other materials to reduce garbage in landfills;

Reuse things instead of getting new ones;

Replant trees;

Buy reusable shopping bags to use instead of plastic bags.

When you go to the supermarket to buy something, try not to take products with a lot of packaging or disposable products.

Separate different kinds of litter such as glass, plastic, paper and throw it only in the designated areas.

Preventing extinction of animals

to learn as much as possible about animals;

to protect animals in danger by law;

to open more national parks;

to build fewer new roads;

to plant more new forests;

to cut pollution;

to stop the fur trade.

To sum up, environmental problems should be handled by local and international authorities as well as individuals. Every single person should take care of the environment to bring up children to be conscious citizens of a clean and preserved planet. Every person must do his best to help our planet survive.

2.4.My research

I did a survey to find out people’s opinion about ecological situation in Krasnouralsk.

1. I interviewed 36 students of the 9th forms of our school to find out schoolmates’ attitude to ecological problems of Krasnouralsk. The results of my interview are shown in the diagrams.

Questions:

1.What ecological problems of your town are you worried about?

2.What should be done to reduce pollution in our town?

3.How can you help?

To sum up, the majority of students worry about air pollution, and this is understandable due to high levels of air pollution in the town. They also see the ways of reducing pollution. In their opinion, the fight against littering the town is the most important for reducing pollution.

1. I asked 10 citizens how pollution influenced them, how the problem of litter influenced their life and what could be done to solve it.

Data Table

How pollution influenced your life?	How the problem of litter influenced your life and what could be done to solve it?
Negatively. It’s harmful for our health.	Negatively. Rats appear and carry infection around the town.	It’s unpleasant.
10	6	8
	To solve it we should not litter	To solve it the authorities of the town should buy new modern containers for rubbish
	7	6

To sum up, people are not indifferent to the environmental problems, they suffer from their consequences and they understand how they can improve the ecology. But not everything depends on them.

1. I interviewed 25 students of Grades 10 - 11 if they were going to come back to live in their town after getting education and if their decision depended on ecology of the town.

Data Table

Are you going to come back to live in your town after getting education?		What does your decision to leave the town depend on?
Yes	No	Lack of opportunities to spend free time	Lack of career opportunities	Ecology
3	22	22	21	14

To sum up, young people leave Krasnouralsk because they lack career opportunities and don’t have a lot of opportunities for leisure time but ecology is also a very important factor influencing their decision.

I did an experiment “How Much Garbage Does My Family Throw Out? “ to see what I need to do at home.

Of all the environmental issues we face today, garbage is one each of us can and should do something about. It's all about making wise choices. What Can We Do? How many things will we throw away today? This week? And how much of that garbage could be reused, composted or recycled?

To do an experiment I weighed the garbage my family throws away every day.

Data Table

Number of people in my family	3
Monday	800 g
Tuesday	800 g
Wednesday	700 g
Thursday	600 g
Friday	800 g
Saturday	1.2 kg
Sunday	900 g
Total	5.8 kg

The average weight of garbage that my family throws away each week is 5.8 kg! There are 52 weeks in a year. So the average weight of garbage that my family throws away every year is 374,4 kg! Unreal, isn’t it?!!

What can I and my family do to reduce our garbage impact?

• Make sure we are reducing, reusing, recycling and composting.

• Be green shoppers and buy things that last a long time.

• Shop with cloth bags so not to accumulate lots of non-biodegradable plastic.

• Take responsibility for the waste we produce.

• Make a difference at home, school and when shopping. It's easy and every little bit helps!

So, when we rethink the way we live, reduce what we buy, reuse things instead of getting new ones, recycle and compost; we not only make less waste, we also save valuable natural resources and energy, and create less pollution.

3.Conclusion

In conclusion, I can state that the hypothesis of my project has been confirmed: the Earth is in danger because of man’s interference and only people can save it.

The project and my research show people begin to realize that environmental problems are our problems. And environmental problems should be handled by local and international organizations as well as individuals. Every single person should take care of the environment to bring up children to be conscious citizens of a clean and preserved planet. Every person must do his best to help our planet survive.

I’d like to contribute to the saving of my planet too. I am also worried about all the environmental problems of the Earth. I think that a lot should be done to reduce pollution in our town. How can I help?

I believe I can fight for a better environment informing people about environmental problems and the ways of solving them. So I made a poster “The Earth is Your Home” and a “Be Green” booklet where I advised children how they could participate in protecting our planet. My schoolmates could see the poster hanging on the wall during «the Week of Foreign Language». I also made a report in the 9th forms when we studied the topic “Conflicts” and discussed the conflict between people and nature.

My Earth Protection List

• not to litter;

• to collect litter on the territory of our school;

• to organize the work with schoolchildren;

• to plant trees, bushes and flowers;

• to build feeders for birds;

• to feed birds in winter;

• not to use aerosol sprays;

• not to pick wild flowers;

• turn off the light when I leave the room;

• not to use chemicals in the garden;

• to avoid buying plastic bottles;

• to recycle newspapers, bottles and metal cans.

I hope you also have learnt many interesting facts about the ecological problems, and how to protect the Earth. You may want to improve our environment. It is very important to defend nature, to keep our great world healthy and beautiful. We can try to make our life comfortable and improve our home. But we must remember that our planet is our home too. Let’s treat the nature and the environment, as we treat our own homes. Let’s take care of it and try to correct those things, which we have already spoiled. The nature will be thankful to us, and we will be glad that we take part in the saving of the planet.

The Earth is our home and we have to care about it.

Thank you and goodbye.

4.Resources Information http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_pollution hhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_pollution http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_contamination ttp://english-exam.ru/konkursy-sochinenii/3-i-konkurs/sochinenie-1196-c-vymirayuschie-vidy.html#ixzz3H4vOzHhU http://www.alleng.ru/engl-top/111.htm http://www.universetoday.com/81977/causes-of-air-pollution/ http://ohmygodfacts.com/6-important-air-pollution-facts/ http://www.clean-air-kids.org.uk/acidrain.html http://loryrich.hubpages.com/hub/reduce-pollution http://www.arkive.org/endangered-species/ http://www.alleng.ru/engl-top/115.htm# http://greenliving.lovetoknow.com/Top_30_Environmental_Concerns http://greenliving.lovetoknow.com/Land_Pollution http://greenliving.lovetoknow.com/ways-stop-pollution http://greenliving.lovetoknow.com/effects-land-pollution http://www.ecosystema.ru/07referats/zagr_sverd.htm http://vestiural.com/news/20120528/01843.html http://eburg.mk.ru/articles/2014/05/28/monogorod-mechtyi-ili-planyi.html http://greeningsacredspaceshamilton.blogspot.ru/2009/10/raffi-kids-for-saving-planet-promise.html Pictures http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-3Hu93imk0Pc/TWRom8rWYWI/AAAAAAAAABw/QhI_fPWuMao/s400/africa-water.jpg http://www.nrdc.org/water/oceans/ttw/2014/images/contentpages/photo-debris.jpg Conclusion Dear friends, I hope you have learnt many interesting facts about the ecological problems, and how to protect the Earth. You may want to improve our environment. It is very important to defend nature, to keep our great world healthy and beautiful. We can try to make our life comfortable and improve our home. But we must remember that our planet is our home too. Let’s treat the nature and the environment, as we treat our own homes. Let’s take care of it and try to correct those things, which we have already spoiled. The nature will be thankful to us, and we will be glad that we take part in the saving of the planet. The Earth is our home and we have to care about it. The hypothesis of my project has been confirmed: the Earth is in danger and only people can save it. And the answer to the essential question of the project is that the 21st century is bringing the mankind the struggle for their surviving, defending their planet. This presentation can be used at the English lessons as well as at lessons of Geography. It also can be used for extracurricular activities. Thank you and goodbye. The Earth is my home. I promise to keep it healthy and beautiful. I will love the land, the air, the water and all living creatures. I will be a defender of my planet. United with friends, I will save the Earth United with friends, I promise to keep it, United with friends, I will love the land, United with friends, I’ll be a defender, I will save the Earth.

http://www.sswm.info/sites/default/files/toolbox/UNEP%20ny%20IN%20CORCORAN%20et%20al%20Water%20Pollution%202.png http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Cholera_bacteria_SEM.jpg http://www.liverpool.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/image/0013/3523/three20bins.jpg http://assets.inhabitat.com/wp-content/blogs.dir/1/files/2012/06/toronto-bans-plastic-bags-537x368.jpg http://www.harriete-estel-berman.info/sculpt/images/Yellows_72.jpg http://news.bbcimg.co.uk/nol/shared/spl/hi/sci_nat/10/whales_guide/v2/img/photo/bryde_whale.gif http://qmtalksscience.files.wordpress.com/2012/07/northern_hairy_nosed_wombat.jpg http://www.yugopolis.ru/data/mediadb/2383/0000/0069/6948/466x10000_out__.jpg http://www.3dnews.ru/_imgdata/img/2011/01/09/604851/greenpeace-logo2.JPG http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-gAZT1TrlTJE/T19I6BSp4lI/AAAAAAAAAaQ/n7XyuRAUPdY/s1600/foe_logo_col_p.jpg http://www.thedrum.com/uploads/drum_basic_article/86961/main_images/National%20trust%20logo%20(2)_0.jpg http://www.customsunion.ru/images/logos//info/4/47/4710.png http://3.bp.blogspot.com/--KibqfFmSdg/UFwfx-Inm2I/AAAAAAAAKBw/UVyn_vkZ9nQ/s1600/squirrel.jpg http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2013/11/16/article-2508274-19729AEC00000578-418_634x342.jpg https://img-fotki.yandex.ru/get/5400/smartfonic.1/0_3e8f6_8b725311_L.jpg http://fakty.ictv.ua/images/gallery/2012/06/13/thumbnail-20120613142922n.jpg http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/climatechange/images/asthma.jpg http://ecowatch.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/a1.jpg

http://www.msiport.com/uploads/pics/red_book_01.jpg http://flaglerlive.com/wp-content/uploads/florida-panther.jpg http://www.itogi.ru/7-days/img/567/TELEGRAPH-news-1hi.jpg Links for a poster http://i2.guns.ru/forums/icons/forum_pictures/008168/8168150.jpg http://kirovmama.ru/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/kormushka-dlya-ptic.jpg http://101dizain.ru/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/11-birdfeeder.jpg http://festival.1september.ru/articles/504524/img1.jpg http://i.pokeroff.ru/uploads/preview/2881142.png http://us.cdn4.123rf.com/168nwm/iarada/iarada1209/iarada120900009/15245194-electrical-plug-and-socket-color-and-contour-illustration.jpg http://www.norwoodboro.org/images/don't%20litter.jpg http://geonice.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/Save-Earth-and-Save-Nature-for-Geo-Nice.jpg http://www.2do2go.ru/uploads/full/8c21f041adf3c0b10203da64f27b497b_w960_h2048.png http://img1.cliparto.com/pic/xl/183713/3384592-electrical-plug-and-socket.jpg http://www.ljplus.ru/img4/m/o/mosmetro/manner_poster_2.jpg Links for a booklet http://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/0262/6179/products/please-don_t-litter-sign.jpg?v=1386614392 https://img-fotki.yandex.ru/get/5400/smartfonic.1/0_3e8f6_8b725311_L.jpg http://lovecollision.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/3.jpg http://www.office-plus.ca/_userfiles/image/eco.gif

https://louisdietvorst.files.wordpress.com/2012/05/reuse-or-renew-1.jpg

http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ReQy9A-2DTk/UUkH7dmDe0I/AAAAAAAAXRM/riygYpPMsX4/s1600/egg_carton_seeds.jpg

http://www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/WATER/U/IMAGES/WQ/safeuse.jpg

http://www.mountnittany.org/assets/images/krames/73359.jpg

http://vogeltalksrving.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Campfire-Safety.png

http://www.whywerecycle.com/Images/bothsides.jpg

http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_qmUWq1gmK70/TIBokd0xywI/AAAAAAAAGoY/eXc9BdLc648/s1600/plant_tree_for_me.png

http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6uzGb5ysaHs/UfjpaLoHRTI/AAAAAAAAAFk/Day7k1zCsz8/s1600/nobottledwater.gif

http://www.wecarewasteandrecycling.com/images/beGreen.jpg

http://previews.123rf.com/images/gow27/gow271209/gow27120900048/15322564-a-sign-that-tell-you-not-to-pick-the-flower-in-this-area.jpg

http://www.tudwater.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/save-our-water.jpg

http://eng.1september.ru/2009/22/15-3.jpg

http://www.powermin.nic.in/kids/images/save_energy.jpg

http://www.oldparkprimary.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/childrenwalking2.jpg

http://www.istockphoto.com/vector/boy-riding-bike-23568423?st=848a0de

http://www.bird-feeder-plans.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/Winter-bird-feeding.jpg

https://rusuelectedofficers.files.wordpress.com/2010/02/green_week_flyer_s1.jpg?w=450

http://science.jrank.org/kids/article_images/rot_p32.jpg

5. Supplement

1. Poster “The Earth is our home”

2. Booklet “Be green”

3. Presentation “Human Impact on the Earth”