«ДЗЕРЖИНСКИЙ ХИМИЧЕСКИЙ ТЕХНИКУМ ИМЕНИ КРАСНОЙ АРМИИ»
Методическая разработка урока английского языка на тему:
“EcologicalProblems”
Разработала: Виноградова А.В.
Преподаватель английского языка
Дзержинск, 2020г.
Урок по теме: “EcologicalProblems”
Цель урока: систематизировать знания учащихся по теме «Экологические проблемы», закрепление знаний, умений и навыков устной речи по данной теме.
Задачи урока:
Образовательные:
1) Совершенствование лексических навыков по теме
2) Развитие навыков говорения по теме «Природа и проблемы экологии».
3) Отработать до автоматизма речевые навыки на уровне связного высказывания;
Развивающие:
1) Развивать навыки языковой догадки
2) развивать умение работать в группе, делать выводы и обобщения по основным проблемам темы
3) Развивать мышление обучающихся, навыки самостоятельной и творческой работы.
Воспитательные:
1) Воспитывать у учащихся интерес к изучению английского языка
2) Прививать бережное отношение к природе и чувство ответственности каждого человека за будущее планеты окружающей среде
Оборудование: ПК, презентации Power Point, CD диск с аудиозаписью, раздаточный материал (индивидуальные карточки-задания), учебник Planet of English (авт. Бескоровайная Г.Т. и др).
Тип урока: урок комбинированный
Форма урока: урок-игра
Ход урока:
I. Организационный момент
Good morning, dear friends. Let’s start our lesson. We are going to discuss the problem of protection of the environment.
The motto of the lesson: “Look after this planet, it’s the only one we have” (The appeal of Prince Philip of Britain, president of the World Wide Fund for Nature). The protection of nature has become one of the most burning problems. The nature provides people with mineral resources, rivers, forests, fields. The development of industry has had influence on the nature of the whole world. People often do things, which pollute land, air and water greatly. It is very dangerous because it damages people’s health. The accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in April 1986 caused radioactive contamination of a vast area. Environmental protection is a great concern nowadays.
2. Введение в иноязычную атмосферу. a) Pronunciation drill: Greenpeace, Oxygen, Jungle rain forest, Ecology, Breathing, Nature, Wildlife, Flora and fauna. b) What do these words mean? c) Let’s do the ex.10 p.228. (Прослушайте текст «Кто сможет спасти нашу планету?» по диску и заполните пропуски данными словами)
II. Основная часть урока:
1. Актуализация лексического материала.
It is not a secret that our planet is in danger. The Earth needs our help. And we must help it. Let’s read the text and answer the question what is the connection between this story and our problem. Try to understand what the story is about.
Once there was a wise old man. He could answer any question in the world. Everybody knew about him. One day two boys said, “We are going to fool that old man. We’ll catch a bird, go to the old man and say, ‘We are holding something in our hands. Is it alive or is it dead?’ If he says, ‘Dead,’ we’ll let the bird fly, and if he says, ‘Alive’ we’ll kill it.” They caught a bird and they carried it to the old man and they said, “We are holding something in our hands. Is it alive or dead?” And the wise old man looked at the young people and smile. “It is in your hands,” he said.
(Однажды жил старый мудрый человек. Он мог ответить на любой вопрос в мире. Все знали о нем. Однажды два мальчика сказали: «Мы обхитрим этого старого человека. Мы поймаем птицу, пойдем к нему и скажем «У нас что-то есть в руках. Живое это или мертвое?» Если он скажет: «Мертвое», мы отпустим птичку, а если скажет: «Живое», мы убьем ее». Они поймали птичку, принесли ее к мудрецу и сказали: «У нас что-то есть в руках. Это живое или мертвое?» Мудрец посмотрел на них, улыбнулся и сказал «Это в ваших руках». )
So, dear friends, answer the question please: What is the connection between this story and the environment? (Какова связь между этой историей и нашей темой?)
The future of our planet Earth is in our hands too. (Будущее нашей планеты Земля тоже в наших руках.)
When we say the Earth is in danger, what is in danger exactly?
(Когда мы говорим, что наша планета в опасности, что конкретно мы имеем в виду?)
Air, rivers, lakes, seas, oceans, forests, animals, fish, birds, people. Air and water are polluted. Animals and birds are in danger. They need our help.
(Воздух, реки, озера, моря, океаны, леса, животные, рыбы, птицы, люди. Воздух и вода загрязнены. Животные и птицы в опасности. Они нуждаются в нашей помощи. )
Yes, you are right. They ask for our help and care. Let’s sing our song. (Да, вы правы. Они просят нашей помощи и заботы. Давайте споем песню. Они обращаются к нам.)
Студенты слушают песню.
Today you are going camping. Today you cut down your forests
With your family, friends or class. But the planet needs our leaves.
Please help us, don’t drop any litter! Please stop it because tomorrow
‘Cos’ your litter lives longer than us! You’ll have no air to breathe.
Refrain: ‘ Cos nothing is forever Refrain: ‘ Cos nothing is forever
And nature is getting tired. And nature is getting tired
If we don’t stop and think today If we don’t stop and think today
Tomorrow the Earth could die. Tomorrow the Earth could die.
You can have a bath or a shower .Today we are still in your forest,
But today is the time to think. In the sky, in the rivers, but look:
Save the river because without them .Don’t kill us! Because your children
You’ll have no water to drink. Will see us in picture books.
Refrain: ‘ Cos nothing is forever Refrain: ‘ Cos nothing is forever
And nature is getting tired. And nature is getting tired.
If we don’t stop and think today If we don’t stop and think today
Tomorrow the Earth could die. Tomorrow the Earth could die.
2. Игра-викторина на закрепление лексики:
And now let’s do the Quiz “Ecological problems” to revise our material. I want you to divide into 3 groups.
Предлагается игра – викторина “Ecological problems”. Участники делятся по командам. Команды по очереди отвечают на вопросы викторины. Та команда, которая набрала большее количество правильных ответов, выигрывает.
(презентация)
Our game is over. Did you like it? Do you agree with me that this problem is very important? Must we take care about our planet, the environment and the nature?
(Игра закончена. Вы согласны со мной, что эта проблема очень важная? Должны ли мы заботиться о планете, окружающей среде, природе?)
Ответы учащихся.
III. Домашнее задание (индивидуальное задание).
Каждому студенту выдается (учащийся вытягивает свою индивидуальную карточку) о разных видах загрязнения окружающей среды. Студенту нужно перевести эту карточку на оценку «3», на оценку «4» перевести и проиллюстрировать (нарисовать) свой вид загрязнения, , на оценку «5» нужно перевести, сделать summary (краткий пересказ) про свой вид загрязнения окружающей среды и рассказать устно (на следующем уроке).
Air Pollution
In the world around us, there are two things that do not belong to any country: air and ocean water. In both the air and the water, there is much pollution.
In many towns and cities the concentration of harmful substances in the air is over ten times the admissible level. Large cities with thousands of smoky enterprises appear all over the world today. The by-products of their activity pollute he air we breathe. Every year world industry pollutes the atmosphere with about 1000 million tons of dust and other harmful substances. Many cities suffer from smog. Vast forests are cut and burn in fires. Their disappearance upsets the oxygen balance. The railway transport is also the source of pollution, especially locomotives. They emit as much harmful waste into the air as 40 or 50 cars. People have to breathe this polluted air which causes numerous diseases, allergies, poor health.
Acid rains
One of the forms of air pollution is acid rains. Acid rains result from the release into the atmosphere of sulfur oxide and nitrogen oxide. It is caused by factories that burn coal or oil or gas. These factories send smoke high into the air. The wind often carries the smoke far from the factories. Some of the harmful substances in the smoke may come down with the rain hundreds of miles away.
The rain in many places isn’t natural and clean any more. It’s full of acid chemicals. When it falls in lakes, it changes them too. Acid water is like vinegar or lemon juice. It hurts when it gets into your eyes. It also kills the plants and animals that usually live in lake water. That is why fish dies in lakes.
Scientists find other effects of acid rain. Acid rains kill vast stretches of forests in Canada, the USA, central and northern Europe. In some large areas trees are dying. Not just one tree here and there, but whole forests. Scientists think that the rain is the reason. It makes the earth more acidic in these areas, and some kinds of trees cannot live in the soil that is very acidic.
Now scientists begin to study the effects of acid rain on larger animals. For example, they believe that some deer in Poland are less healthy because of acid rain. And what about people? No one knows the answer yet. But it is an important question for us all.
Destroying of ozone layer
There is a layer of gas in the atmosphere called ozone. It protects the Earth from the dangerous rays of the sun. But if ozone comes close to the Earth, in acid rains, for example, it is also very dangerous itself and causes diseases. There are now holes in the ozone layer because there too many greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. This protective layer is being damaged by chemicals which are released into the atmosphere by daily use of industrial and household products. These gases hold heat. Trees and plants help to take gases from the atmosphere, but people have destroyed too many trees. There are not enough trees and plants to do their job. Especially dangerous are CFCs gases which are used in refrigerators and spray cans. They are known to do the damage to the ozone layer. It can no longer protect us from dangerous sun rays. Dangerous ultraviolet rays penetrate to the Earth and can increase the risk of skin cancer, weaken the immune system. Not only people are at risk, so are animals, plants, and the environment in general.
Nuclear Power
Nuclear power is cheap, clean and safe, if people try to make it safer and observe all the prevention measures. Nuclear weapons could destroy the world. Nuclear weapon tests increase the amount of radiation in the atmosphere, water, soil. Nuclear power produces high-level radioactive waste which can be dangerous for thousands of years.
People’s careless interaction with it caused environmental disasters. The most terrible disaster happened in April 1986 in Chernobyl. As a result of the explosion in Chernobyl nuclear power station about 18 % of the territory of Belarus and the Ukraine were polluted with radioactive substances. Great damage has been done to the agriculture, forests and people’s health. That is why the environmental safety of nuclear and hydroelectric power stations is of great importance.
Rubbish
Every year each family in Great Britain creates one ton of rubbish. Every day you take your rubbish out. What happens to that rubbish? It pollutes water and land.
Piles of old cars, old refrigerators, old boxes, glass jars, cans are not very pleasant to look at. If you throw one plastic bottle, it will litter the Earth forever. That’s why we must not throw litter on the ground. It is not only ugly, but it can be harmful to wildlife and people. Small animals can get hurt on sharp cans or broken bottles. Plastic bottles can’t be recycled and plastic won’t even degrate. So we must try not to buy drinks and food packed in plastic.
There is no need to throw away things we do not want or cannot use any more. We can change many things back into what they were made of and use them again. We must also learn not to litter. We all know the sign: “Do not litter”. But not everyone does what the sign says.
Greenhouse effect and changing of the climate
The Earth has been getting hotter because we pollute the atmosphere with different harmful substances which is the result of daily use of industrial and household products, such as refrigerators, air conditioners, cleaning chemicals, food packaging, etc. These substances cause greenhouse effect and destroying of ozone layer.
As a result of greenhouse effect the Earth is getting hotter and hotter. The temperature rises gradually and in 100 years the Earth will be hotter about 4 degrees Centigrade. This will lead to melting of snow in the Arctic and the Antarctic. Because the ice has been melting, the level of the sea is slowly rising. A giant iceberg broke away from Antarctic. It was 152 km. long and 35 km. wide. Now it is 10 km. shorter, because it is melting. Scientists say that in the year 2050 some parts of Great Britain may be under the sea. The climate of the Earth is getting warmer and this, in turn, affects the balance of nature.
Help Wild Animals
I think it is necessary to help wild animals. Many of them are in danger now. For example, pandas which live in the jungle and white bears which live in the Arctic. White bears eat fish. If people pollute rivers and seas, animals die.
All woods are home to animals and birds. It is important to take care of them. If trees are damaged and flowers and grass are cut, birds and animals can become instinct. Each of us can do something to help nature. We must not frighten animals and birds. We must never break plants or baby trees.
There are a lot of ways to help our planet. We must take care of it.
Climatic Changes
Climate is a weather a certain place has over a long period of time. Climate has a very important influence on plants, animals and humans and is different in different parts of the world.
But recently the climate has changed a lot, especially in Europe. Scientists think that the reason is greenhouse effect. It is caused by carbon dioxide (углекислый газ). Carbon dioxide is produced when we burn things. Also people and animals breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide. As you know, trees take this gas from air and produce oxygen. But in the last few years people have cut down and burn big areas of rainforest. This means that there are fewer trees and more carbon dioxide.
This gas in the atmosphere works like glass in a greenhouse. It lets heat get in, but it doesn’t let much heat get out. So the atmosphere becomes warmer.
Greenhouse effect is sometimes called global warming.
Green Peace
Green Peace is an international environmental organization. It was founded in 1969 by a group of Canadian environmentalists. Members of Green Peace appear in the places where the environment is endangered. They always act fast.
The world knows about the Green Peace action to stop hunting whales or killing baby seals. They block the way to the ships that try to dump waste, and work hard to create a nuclear-free world.
The activity of Green Peace often annoys governments, companies and people who don’t care about the future of the world.
Green Peace has offices in many countries, including Russia. People, who can’t take part in Green Peace actions directly support this organization with money.
Green Peace members are often called “greens”. The “greens” are group of people whose aim is protection of natural things, e.g. plants and animals.
Green Fuel
A new low-cost fuel is being developed by a biotechnology company. It is called biobutanol and is expected to be the best environmentally friendly fuel for transport.
Butanol is derived from waste plant material (biomass) and is an attractive replacement for petrol. It reduces not only CO2 emissions but also our dependence on finite fossil fuels.
The UK’s Minister for Science said: “The development of biofuels is expected to play a major part in reducing transport emissions. Climate change is a huge global problem. We believe the UK must put its best efforts towards developing the new technologies.”
IV. Подведение итогов урока. The lesson is over. Thank you for your work. Good bye.
