It is difficult to tell a fracture from a sprain, so the patient ought to have an x-ray.
What should you do?
An injured leg:
Don’t move the limb. Cover the patient with a blanket. Send for help. Phone the doctor or dial 999 for an ambulance.
If you have to move the patient, carry him or her on a stretcher.
Don’t give the patient anything to drink.
An injured arm, wrist or hand:
Support the arm in a sling.
Put a blanket around the patient’s shoulders.
Take a patient to a doctor or to a hospital.
A cut
If the patient has cut himself or herself,
you should try to stop the bleeding. Hold the edges
of the cut together. /Make sure your hands are clean!/
If possible, put a bandage or a plaster on the wound.
/Make sure it isn’t too tight./ If the wound is dirty,
the patient might need an anti-tetanus injection
Take the patient to the doctor or hospital.
7. Health. At the doctor’s.
1. When we are ill, we call the doctor, and he examines us and diagnoses the illness (or disease).
When we have a headache, a stomach ache, a sore throat , a cold or a pain in some part of the body, we call the doctor. He takes our temperature and our pulse. He examines our heart, our lungs, our stomach or the part of the body where we have a pain (the part, which hurts us) and tells us what is the matter with us. He says: “You have a slight temperature” or: “You have the flue” or: “You have caught a cold” or: “You have heart disease!”
The doctor prescribes medicine and gives us a prescription, which we take to the chemist, who makes up the medicine.
The doctor says: “I shall prescribe some medicines. You must take the prescription to the chemist and he will make up the medicine for you. Take the medicine twice or tree times a day, before (or after) meals.”
If you disobey the doctor you may get worse, and even die.
We must obey the doctor (we must follow his orders if we want to get better. If we have a temperature we must stay in bed and take the medicine he prescribes. If we cannot get better at home, we must go to hospital.
2. If you need an operation, for a example if you have appendicitis a surgeon performs the operations on you. If we are too ill to walk, we go to a hospital in the ambulance. After our illness we can go to a sanatorium until we are strong again.
3. When we have toothache (when a tooth hurts us), we go to the dentist, the dentist examines out teeth. The dentist asks: “which tooth hurts you?” He sais: “That tooth has a cavity. I must stop it (I must put in a feeling). If the tooth is a too bad the dentist extracts it.
to examine [ig`zæmin] обследовать
to diagnose [`daiəgnəz] поставить диагноз
disease [di`zi:z] заболевание
a headache [hed`eik] головная боль
a stomach ache [`stʌməkeik] боль в желудке
a sore throat [s:θrut] боль в горле
a pain [pein] боль
pulse [`pʌls] пульс
lungs [`lʌys] легкие
hurt [hз:t] болеть , причинять боль
slight [slait] легкий
to prescribe [pri`skraib] прописывать
to disobey [disɔ`bei] не слушаться
to obey [ɔ`bei] слушаться (следовать советам)
a surgeon [`sз:ən] хирург
ambulance [`æmbju`ləns] машина скорой помощи
sanatorium [`sæ`nə`tɔ:ri`əm] санаторий
cavity [`kæviti] дупло, полость
to extract [ikst`rækt] удалять
Answer the question:
1. When can you call a doctor?
2. What does the doctor examine?
3. What does he diagnose?
4. What does the doctor prescribe?
5. Where do you take the prescription to?
6. Will you get better if you do not obey the doctors orders?
7. What do you do when you have toothache (when a tooth hurts)?
8. When do you go to the dentist?
9. Does the dentist always extract bad teeth?
10. What does the dentist do if a tooth has a cavity? (He stops the cavity and puts in a filling)
11. What does a dentist give his patient before extracting a tooth? (an injection)
8. Listen to the dialogue. Read. Act.
Patient: Doctor, I have a bad headache and I have no appetite.
Doctor: Show me your tongue. Yes, you have a very nasty tongue. Have you a pain in the stomach?
Pat: Yes, doctor, sometimes, especially after meals.
Doc: I must examine your stomach… Does it hurt here?
Pat: No, not here.
Doc: Here?
Pat: Oh, yes. It does here.
Doc: You have digestion trouble. But it is not serious.
I shall prescribe some tablet. You must take two before each meal. Do not eat any roast meat or any heavy food. Eat boiled vegetables and milk puddings. You need not to go to bed, but do not overtire yourselves. If you follow my prescriptions, you will feel much better, tomorrow and in two or three days you will be quite well again.
9. Health. The Laws of Health
1. One of the first duties we owe to ourselves is to keep our bodies in perfect health. If our body suffers from any disorder our mind suffers with it, and we are unfit to perform those duties which are required of us in social life.
There are certain laws of health which deserve particular attention and they are so simple that even a child can learn them.
We must remember that a constant supply of pure fresh air, perfect cleanliness, including our body, our house and our environment, moderation in eating and drinking, reasonable hours of labour and rest and many other essentials lay the foundations of good health and long life.
We must not forget about the evils of intemperance, especially of alcohol, overeating and some others.
Most essential for our body is food.
Different food helps our body in different ways. Some food helps our body grow. Other food gives us energy. There are four main food groups: the fruit and vegetable group, the meat group, the milk group and the bread and cereal group.
You should eat fruit and vegetables four or more times every day. It helps your eyes, skin and teeth.
There is more to the meat group than just meat. Fish and eggs are in this food group. Chicken and turkey are too. So are nuts and beans. All this food helps you grow and be strong. You need eating it twice a day.
Food in the milk group helps your teeth and bones stay healthy. You should eat dairy products every day: milk, butter, cheese, cottage cheese and so on.
Food in the bread and cereal group is made from grains. Grains help give us energy. You diet is what you eat and drink. Good diet helps us stay healthy.
Speaking about food we need to choose a balanced, healthy diet. Our body needs six main substances’.
еarbohydrates [ka:bæuhaidreits] углеводы.
protein [prəuti:n] белок
fat [fæt] жир
vitamins [vitaminz] витамины
minerals [minerəlz] витамины
fibre [faibə] клечатка
To avoid a long list of serious health problems we should follow general advice.
General Advice.
Eat less salt, sugar and saturated fat.
Eat more raw fruit, vegetables, whole meal bread and other foods rich in fibre.
Check the “contents” tables on packets and tins to see what they actually contain.
If you want to loose weight, do it gradually.
Eat regularly- your body needs a steady flow of energy.
