Проект "Жизнь собак в России и за рубежом"

Municipal autonomous educational institution
gymnasium №49 of the city of Tyumen












Research work

 «Dogs` life in Britain and Russia»















Completed by the students

of 9th form G
                       MAEI gymnasium №49

of the city of Tyumen
Ignatova Sofia
                                                                     Supervisor:
                                                                         Eliseeva Olga Borisovna,
                                                                                                   an English teacher

Tyumen 2020

The main content of the project

Introduction……………………………………………………………………….3

Chapter 1. Theoretical part………………………………………………………..5

1. How to get a dog the UK and Russia………………………………………5

2. Features of keeping Pets in the UK and Russia……………………………6

3. Chipping animals…………………………………………………………..8

4. Prohibited Dog Breeds in both countries…………………………………..8

5. Popular types of dogs in both countries. Favourite breeds of the Russian President and British Queen………………………………………………..9

6. Dog shows…………………………………………………………………10

7. Kennel Laws of Great Britain and Russia…………………………………11

Chapter 2. Practical part…………………………………………………………..13

Conclusion………………………………………………………………………...14

The list of Literature………………………………………………………………15

Attachments……………………………………………………………………….16

Introduction

" The greatness of a nation and the degree of its spiritual development are determined by how this nation treats animals" [ 7]

There is hardly a country in the world where you can't meet a dog. This can be an elegant thoroughbred pet or a stray mongrel, but the dog is always close to the person. For a long time, the dog was considered a sacred, and sometimes even mystical creature that deserved more attention than other animals. Different peoples at different times had their own attitude to dogs. In my project, I would like to consider the attitude to this type of animal on the example of Russia and Great Britain.

The aim of the project:

is to gather information about attitude to animals (dogs) in Britain and Russia, to compare it, to find the similarities and differences; to create «Pet care reminder», uniting all positive aspects of caring of dogs in both countries

The tasks of the project:

1. to compare attitude to animals (dogs) in Britain and Russia

2. to find the similarities and differences in caring of dogs in both countries

3. to find out peoples’ opinion on the issue

4. to create «Pet care reminder»

5. to improve knowledge of the vocabulary on this topic.

Hypothesis:

"If we raise the issue of caring of pet dogs in Russia, comparing it to the attitude to animals (dogs) in Britain and create «Pet care reminder», we`ll draw attention of our society to the problem of attitude to animals on the whole "

Stages of the project:

1. Gathering information

2. Systematization of the material

3. Making survey among people about attitude to animals (dogs) in Russia

3. Creating «Pet care reminder»

4. Creation of a presentation of the project.

5. Presentation of the project.

Chapter 1.

1. How to get a dog the UK and Russia

You can buy a pet in England only at a specialized exhibition, in a pet store, kennel, or pick up at a veterinary shelter. The latter exist exclusively through donations: the state does not allocate a penny of subsidies.

When buying a pet in a pet store or breeding kennel, it is enough to present identification documents and address, after which a standard purchase and sale agreement is drawn up. This document is certified by a notary and has no legal force. In it, the seller guarantees the excellent health of the ward and confirms its rights to sell it. It also contains information about the animal (pedigree, chip registration number, gender, and breed description). The contract must be accompanied by a receipt confirming the transfer of money by the buyer. The seller, in turn, must give a veterinary document with marks of the first vaccinations, deworming and other treatments of the animal.

It’s not so easy with shelters. Taking a dog from a shelter is quite difficult: as in the case of foster children, you need to fill out a special form of 40 points and complete a lot of formalities. This is done so that people take a responsible approach to the appearance of an animal in the house and are aware of all the troubles that are associated with it.

In Russia, a dog can also be purchased in kennels, in dog clubs, at dog shows, by ad, or taken from a shelter. The purchase procedure depends on the cost of the dog and what the new owner is buying for. Namely: for the soul or for exhibitions and breeding. When a person acquires a pet for the soul, it almost never requires a paper procedure and the acquisition of a new friend occurs in a simplified scheme. If the dog is purchased for exhibitions and subsequent breeding, the acquisition procedure is similar to the English, with the conclusion of a contract.

Russian shelters are very different from English ones. Today in Russia there are two types of shelters for homeless animals: private and municipal shelters. Private shelters are those that are created by individuals at their own expense and on their own throughout the Russian Federation. Despite the fact that private shelters exist throughout Russia and have been operating for many years, due to the lack of other auxiliary levers and insufficient number of them, they are not able to solve all the problems of homeless animals. Municipal shelters in our country look sad. Animals in municipal shelters are kept in cages, which are almost always in the open air. The enclosure has a booth, dry food and water - these are all the " joys " of animals kept in the shelter. But even these" joys " in animals may not be in constant access. Funding is unstable, and there is hope for concerned citizens and the work of volunteers.

1.2. Features of keeping Pets in the UK and Russia

The rules for keeping Pets in the UK are very strict. The law prohibits neglecting the needs of an animal. Indifferent, rude and aggressive behavior towards him is fraught with 6 months in prison, a monetary fine and a lifetime ban on keeping animals. Cats and dogs need to be vaccinated annually, carry out prevention and treat their hair from various parasites.

People over the age of 16 have the right to buy animals in the UK. To get an exotic animal, you should contact the local authorities to obtain the appropriate license (before purchasing). So, until 1987, everyone who wanted to get a dog in England had to get a similar document. Today, the Royal society for the protection of animals with other organizations-colleagues plan to renew licenses to reduce the number of stray dogs to zero and improve the life of animals. The behavior of dogs in British society is strictly regulated. If the animal becomes nervous and poses a threat to passers-by, the owner can be fined or sent to jail for up to 6 months. If someone is injured by a pet's teeth or claws, the penalty is increased in proportion to the severity of the injuries: from 3 to 14 years in prison. Walking dogs in parks and other urban lawns is allowed, but with the condition of mandatory and thorough cleaning of the animal. Failure to comply with the rules is fraught with a fine of 50-80 pounds. If you refuse to pay, the amount will be increased to 1000 pounds and will be charged in court. The only exception to this rule is guide dogs.

In Russia, the Federal law from 27.12.2018 N 498-FZ (ed. from 27.12.2019) "on responsible treatment of animals and on amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation", there is Article 13, which prescribes the requirements for the maintenance of Pets.

1. When keeping Pets, their owners must comply with the General requirements for keeping animals, as well as the rights and legal interests of persons living in an apartment building where Pets are kept.

2. It is not allowed to use Pets in business activities, except in cases established by the Government of the Russian Federation.

3. The maximum number of Pets in places where animals are kept is determined based on the ability of the owner to provide animals with conditions that comply with veterinary norms and rules.

4. Walking Pets must be carried out subject to mandatory security of citizens, animals, and the safety of property of individuals and legal entities.

5. When walking a pet, the following requirements must be met:

1) exclude the possibility of free, uncontrolled movement of the animal when crossing the roadway, in elevators and common areas of apartment buildings, in the courtyards of such houses, on children 's and sports grounds;

2) provide cleaning of animal products in public areas and territories;

3) do not allow walking the animal outside of the places allowed by the decision of the local government for walking animals.

1. Walking a potentially dangerous dog without a muzzle and leash regardless of the place of walking is prohibited, except in cases where a potentially dangerous dog is located in a fenced area belonging to the owner. The presence of this dog must be made a warning sign at the entrance to this territory.

However, these requirements are not met by all. The Russian mentality needs more time and more fines to make the system work.

1. Chipping animals

Since April 6, 2016, new rules have come into force in the UK, providing for mandatory microchipping of dogs aged 8 weeks or older. A chip the size of a grain of rice can be read by a special scanner, which displays information about the pet and its current owner. For owners, implanting a chip in an animal is convenient because the search for a runaway pet, if it accidentally gets lost, is simplified and accelerated at times.

In fact, the law on chipping Pets (and not only Pets) in Russia already exist. Although it does not specify this term specifically, the meaning of article 2.5 of The Law No. 4979-I "on veterinary medicine" of 14.05.1993, introduced in 2015, implies chipping. Article 2.5. called "Veterinary rules for the identification and registration of animals", it States that all animals in the Russian Federation, with the exception of wild animals, are subject to individual or group identification in order to account for and prevent the spread of dangerous diseases. Obviously, this article does not work in practice, at least in relation to the most common Pets — cats and dogs. Their universal labeling and chipping have not become common in Russia. Owners of cats and dogs sometimes take measures to ensure their identification on a voluntary basis. In order to find the animal in case of loss, for example. But mostly chipping is performed at the request of airlines or foreign countries when transporting animals.

1. Prohibited Dog Breeds in both countries

In the UK, some dog breeds are prohibited. These are Pit Bull Terriers, Japanese Tosa inu Mastiffs, Argentine bulldogs and Phila Brasileiro. Their sale and breeding are illegal. All owners of the listed breeds (and mestizos) must obtain an IED certificate confirming the adequacy of the animal.

In Russia, none of the existing breeds are prohibited. However, there is a list of potentially dangerous dogs that was introduced in 2011.a number of restrictions apply to these dogs. For example, they can’t be walked without a muzzle or let off the leash in public places, such dogs will need to be registered in the future. However, not everyone will get the right to keep them or sell and breed them. To date, the following are considered dangerous in the Russian Federation: American pit bull Terrier, South African burbul, Karelian bear dog, Karabash Anatolian, Staffordshire Terrier (American), Alabai, Caucasian shepherd, mestizo of all the above breeds.

As practice shows, our citizens mostly ignore the restrictions imposed. Although the draft law specifies that a person who wants to get one of the above-mentioned dogs will need to take a license from the police Department at the place of residence.

1. Popular types of dogs in both countries. Favourite breeds of the Russian President and British Queen

Great Britain is the ancestor of more than 50 dog breeds, and some of them (dorgi, fergie) were bred by the Queen herself.as you know, she is a passionate fan of the Pembroke Welsh Corgi breed. During the 66 years of Elizabeth II's reign, 30 Pembroke Welsh Corgi dogs lived in Buckingham Palace, which were descendants of her first dog, Susie. According to the Queen, dogs are the most loyal and selfless friends of man. Elizabeth II donates large amounts of money to dog welfare funds and has been the patron of Battersea dogs&Cats Home, London's oldest shelter, since 1956).

In the British Isles there are many famous and much- loved breeds around the world-hunting, herding, decorative... They differ from each other in their character and appearance, but they are United by the fact that they are all noble, intelligent, loyal and extremely cute animals.

The most popular dog breeds in England for 2019-20y.

1. French bulldog

2. Chihuahua

3. Pug

4. Cockapoo

5. Cocker spaniel

In Russia, the fashion for dogs is changing very quickly. Russians get dogs based on various factors. Depending on the place of residence (apartment or house), for shower or protection, for health reasons, based on children's preferences., as well as depending on financial capabilities.

Top 5 most popular dog breeds in Russia for 2019-20y.

1. German Spitz

2. Chihuahua

3. Yorkshire Terrier

4. German Shepherd

5. Labrador Retriever

It is no secret that the President of the Russian Federation, Vladimir Putin, is very fond of dogs. The President likes to approach other people's dogs, pet them, and even take pictures with them. He is the owner of six beautiful Pets at once. Taigan (the Kyrgyz Sighthound) Sher Khan, Pasha Sharplanina shepherd, Alabai Faithful, the Akita inu Yume, the Bulgarian shepherd dog Buffy, Labrador Connie Polgreyv (abbreviated as Horses).

1. Dog shows

The dog show is not only an exciting event and a unique spectacle. A dog show is also a place for dog breeders to communicate. First of all, the purpose of the dog show is to determine the best representative of the breed from many of its tribesmen. At the same time, exhibitions are held in order to collect as many pedigreed representatives of the canine family as possible in one place and at one time, to get data on the livestock, as well as to view and compare the level of breeding of various kennels and clubs.

Crufts is a canine event that takes place annually at the National exhibition center in Birmingham (England) for four days in early March. The event is organized by the English "kennel club". The Central event of "craft" is one of the most prestigious, along with the Westminster Dog Show, and the largest dog show in the world. Within the framework of "craft" there are competitions in various types of dog sports: agility, endurance, flyball, canine freestyle, as well as extensive events to promote purebred dog breeding, responsible attitude to dogs and useful activities of dogs. Products for Pets and their owners are presented at a large-scale trade fair. About 25 thousand dogs and 150 thousand spectators participate in the exhibition and competitions every year. Members of the British Royal family patronize "Kraft" since its Foundation.

In Russia, dog shows are also held in different cities. But the main and prestigious international exhibition "Eurasia" is held annually in Moscow. According to registration statistics, the dog show "Eurasia", as a rule, represent a total of more than two hundred breeds, while the highest competition will be among Labrador retrievers, sibs, Samoyed dogs, Welsh Corgi Pembroke and American Staffordshire Terriers. As for the geography of participants, the exhibition includes almost all regions of Russia, as well as foreign countries.

Dog shows in the two States are not much different. After all, Russia is equal to the West and adopts traditions and customs. It doesn't always work out perfectly, but we strive for the best!

1. Kennel Laws of Great Britain and Russia

The UK has become the first country in the world where animal welfare movements were born. The example of the British inspired some other countries to follow in this direction. The first law to protect animals from cruelty was passed in 1822. The British Parliament granted the rights and freedoms of 7 million dogs, 8 million cats and cats, 650,000 horses, 2 million rabbits and unaccountable poultry inhabiting the British Islands. The law provides for stricter liability of animal owners for violations of the law: from large fines to imprisonment. The UK has announced a forthcoming ban on all circuses with wild animals, joining European countries such as Austria, Greece, Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The ban came into full force in December 2015.

Zoo activists in Russia say that they have been waiting for at least 20 years for some kind of law on animal protection. This law appeared only at the beginning of 2019. "on responsible treatment of animals".

The law on responsible treatment of animals explicitly States that it must not only protect animals, but also strengthen morality and observe the principles of humanity.

And also to ensure the safety of citizens when handling animals.

One of the important provisions is the protection of animals from abuse. Its propaganda is prohibited.

It is clearly stated that you can’t carry out painful vet procedures without painkillers. Inciting animals against each other and arrange fights. It is forbidden to feed predators in public with other live animals in public places.

The law on responsible treatment of animals in Russia prohibits throwing out Pets. The law also prescribes the responsibility of owners, rules for walking, mandatory chipping and vaccination, as well as responsibility for violations of the law.

There are a lot of "white spots" in this law. In order for the provisions of the law to work, the legislator must additionally prescribe mechanisms for its implementation on the ground, and it is necessary to promote responsible attitude to animals among children and adults.

Chapter 2.

The practical part of my project consists of people's opinions about a given topic. The survey was conducted among the population of the city of Tyumen in the age range from 15 to 68 years [Attachment 1]. The total number of respondents is 50, including 66% women and 34% men [Attachment 2].

Of this number of respondents, only 28% are dog owners [Attachment 3]. The rest did not get a pet mainly due to lack of time to raise 47%, and some played a big role allergies-31%. It is very pleasing that only 8% of the respondents do not like animals [Attachment 4]. From this it follows that people understand what a responsibility it is to take a dog and correctly calculate their capabilities. It is better not to take a pet at all than to take it and then throw it out on the street.

Those respondents who have a dog consider their pet a family member -85% or a four- legged friend-15% [ Attachment 5]. From this we can conclude that the attitude to dogs in these people is human, as to their child. It is unlikely that such a person can harm another alien animal.

To the question " how do you feel about stray dogs?"- 70% of respondents responded with pity, compassion, 28% - neutral and only 2% negative [ Attachment 6]. This situation pleases. Compassion is a good motivation for action!

And when asked about compliance with the law, 36% of respondents said that the law is not being observed, 34% - partially, 22% - do not know such a law at all, and only 8% are informed and believe that the law is being observed [ Attachment 7]. The answers to the last question showed the approximate situation in the country. The law does exist, but it will take time for it to be clearly observed. This law is an important and necessary step towards humanization. From my survey, we can conclude that our society is ready for changes in relation to animals. There are many more people who are not indifferent. We must help our lesser brothers. And for dog owners, you need to carefully study the law and follow it.

And at the end of my practical part, I developed a Memo about the care of domestic dogs [ Attachment 8].

Conclusion

Summing up the results of your project, I would like to note the main thing. The attitude to animals, namely to dogs in Russia and the UK at the moment is different. The English are extremely sensitive to animals. The boundless love for animals is confirmed by the fact that back in 1824, the society for the protection of animals from cruelty was established in the UK, which has the status of a Royal one. This country has a well-developed system of fines. The official history of cynology began in England. The first dog show was held in England on 28 June 1859 in Newcastle. Every year the system of assistance to homeless animals is being improved.

But in England, this did not happen all at once, it took two hundred years. This is an evolutionary process. And it developed much more slowly at that stage, because there were no technologies that are now available -social networks, the Internet. In Russia, the process of animal protection activities really began five years ago. In the course of long and hard fighting, the state Duma finally adopted the law on animal protection. The document expands the rights of "our little brothers", clarifies the fate of homeless people and rules for walking Pets. But, like any innovation, the law is still far from perfect. And it is already clear that improvements are required. And many... Parliamentarians avoided a significant part of the most problematic and debatable issues. In some cases, they avoided specifics, shifted all responsibility to the government, and did not avoid strange wording. This is one of the disadvantages.

On the plus side, the procedure for the operation of shelters and services for trapping stray animals was defined, and abuses in this area were just the most painful and scandalous. It also puts an end to a number of everyday issues, such as dog walking. Finally, the concept of ill-treatment has been significantly expanded, and the window of opportunity for knackers has been narrowed accordingly. It is clear to everyone that in 2020 we will not have a Paradise life for animals. Because a humane attitude is not only legislation, it is also the consciousness and responsibility of citizens themselves. But with the advent of social networks and the clear example of other countries, our society should go this way faster.

List of references

1. Federal law" on responsible treatment of animals and on amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation " dated 27.12.2018 N 498-FZ (latest version)

2. Law of the Russian Federation "on veterinary medicine" of may 14, 1993 N 4979-I (with amendments and additions)

3. Chizhova L. "to Save the living soul." Why are there so many stray animals in Russia https://www.svoboda.org/a/29728372.html

4. Diakova-Tinoku K. LAPA: stray dogs-from Russia to Britain

https://zen.yandex.ru/media/angliya/lapa-bezdomnye-sobaki--iz-rossii-v-britaniiu-5c52fd5502521700ac19a3bd

5. Eskina A. Yu. Hobby in our life / / Philology and linguistics. - 2017. — No. 1. - Pp. 76-80.

6. Kashtanova E. How to care for a dog? Dogs: maintenance and care https://www.syl.ru/article/153194/new_kak-uhajivat-za-sobakoy-sobaki-soderjanie-i-uhod

7. Mahatma Gandhi Quotes and sayings https://oko-planet.su/politik/politiklist/153422-citaty-i-vyskazyvaniya-mahatmy-gandi.html

8. Mikhaylova A. Tailed sufferer: how to protect the rights of animals https://pravo.ru/story/208605/

Attachment 1

QUESTIONNAIRE

1. Your age

2. Your gender

A) Male

B) Female

1. Do you have a dog at home?

A) Yes

B) No

3.1) If not, why?

A) I don’t like animals

B) I don’t have time for education

C) Allergy

D) Other

3.2) If yes, who is it for you

A) Family member

B) Got a dog for fashion

C) Four-legged friend

D) Other

4) How do you feel about stray dogs?

A) Pity

B) Negative

C) Neutral

5) Do you think in our country the law of Preventing Animal Cruelty and Torture works?

A) Yes

B) No

C) Partially

D) I don’t know such a law

Attachment 2

The number of respondents surveyed is 50

Attachment 3

Question: «Do you have a dog at home? »

Attachment 4

Question: «If there is no dog, then for what reason?»

Attachment 5

Question: «If you have a dog, what is it for You?»

Attachment 6

Question: «How do you feel about stray dogs?»

Attachment 7

Question: «Do you think in our country the law of Preventing Animal Cruelty and Torture works?»

Attachment 8

Reminder

about the care of domestic dogs

1. The dog must be provided with regular food and clean water

2. You need to clean up after your pet in time

3. The dog needs a daily walk and exercise

4. Don't forget about playing with animals

5. Mandatory annual vaccination and health check of the animal

6. Dog care should be regular

7. Spend time with your dog every day