Презентация по теме "Новая Зеландия - одна из самых экологически чистых стран мира"

New Zealand is one of ecological cleanest countries in the world

Задачи:

- выявление основных факторов (природных и человеческих), влияющих на экологию в целом;

- доказать зависимость разнообразия животного и растительного мира, здоровья и продолжительности жизни людей от экологии.

• Методы исследования: теоретический, мониторинговый, метод анкетирования
• Объект исследования: одна из англо-язычных стран, Новая Зеландия .

According to Environmental Performance Index:

1 Switherland-95,5 6 New Zealand-88,1

2 Sweden-93,1 7 Japan-84,6

3 Norway-93,1 8 Groatia-84.5

4 Costa-Rica-90,5 9 Albania-84

5 Colombia-88,3 10 Israel-79,6

The cleanest countries а ccording to Environmental Performance Index

Средняя продолжительность жизни людей

New Zealand is a country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two large islands – the North Island and the South Island – and numerous smaller islands, most notably Stewart Island/Rakiura and the Chatham Islands. In Māori, New Zealand has come to be known as Aotearoa, which is usually translated into English as The Land of the Long White Cloud . The Realm of New Zealand also includes the Cook Islands and Niue, which are self-governing but in free association; Tokelau; and the Ross Dependency (New Zealand's territorial claim in Antarctica). New Zealand is notable for its geographic isolation, being separated from Australia to the northwest by the Tasman Sea, approximately 2000 kilometres (1250 miles) across. Its closest neighbours to the north are New Caledonia, Fiji and Tonga.

The South Island is the largest of the two major islands of New Zealand. The South Island has an area of 151,215 sq. km, making it the world's 12 th -largest island. It has a population of 991,100. Along its west coast runs the mountain chain of the Southern Alps with Mount Cook being the highest point, 3,754 m.

The North Island is one of the two main islands of New Zealand. The island is 113,729 sq. km in area, making it the world's 14th-largest island. It has a population of 3,148,400. Several important cities are in the North Island: Auckland, and Wellington, the capital. Approximately 76% of New Zealand's population lives in the North Island.

Topography of New Zealand is mostly hills and mountains. Over 75% of the country lies at an altitude of more than 200 m above sea level.

Queen Charlotte Sound

With the exception of two species of bat, no indigenous mammals are native to New Zealand. Wild mammals include deer, goats, pigs, rabbits, weasels, ferrets. Marine mammals are dolphins, seals and whales. New Zealand contains no snakes and has only one poisonous spider called the Katipo. Other insects include the Weta one species of which may grow as large as a house mouse and is the heaviest insect in the world. New Zealand's most unigue animal is the Tuatara, which is a lizard-like reptile that predates the Dinosaur and is considered a living fossil.

Tuatara

Katipo

There are some 70 species of birds found nowhere else in the world, more than a third of them are flightless, and almost a quarter of them nocturnal. Notable New Zealand birds include the Tui, Bellbird, Kiwi, Kakapo, Takahe, and Weka. New Zealand is also home to many seabirds including the Albatross, which has the longest wing span of any bird in the world. The most spectacular of all New Zealand birds was the Moa. Some Moa's reached heights of 15 feet, making them the tallest bird in the world.

Takahe

Moa

Kakapo

Weka

Kakapo

Abel Tasman NP

Whanganui NP

Paparoa NP

Mount Aspiring NP

Cabbage Tree

New Zealand is one of the world’s richest bio-diverse flora areas on earth. It is endemic and its extent is enormous. Native trees include Rimu, Totara, Matai, Kahikatea, Rata, Tawa and many species of ferns including some giant tree ferns. Other notable trees include the Cabbage Tree, the Nikau Palm which is New Zealand's only palm tree, and the Giant Kauri, which hold the record for the greatest timber volume of any tree. One of the most noticeable plants is the Pohutukawa which detonates with brilliant red flowers around December.

Rata

Nikau Palm

Pohutukawa

Fern

Some measures, used for protection of environment

• 60 types of natural areas for protection and conservation(25% of the total territory).
• Artificial forests.
• Aboriginal gardens.
• Introduction of carbon tax.
• Extraction of copper, zinc, chromium, Ti-iron, aluminum is limited.
• Coal mines of closed type.

New Zealand

Economicl effectiveness for prevention local pollution "E1"

E1 = Y + D-W,

where

• Y - the size of annual preventable harm from air pollution,
• D - an annual additional revenue from improved production
• W - expenditure for preventing or reducing air pollution.