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«Презентация к курсу "Страноведение. Англоязычные страны" по теме "English Painting"»
INGLISH PAINTING
Anthony Van Dyck
Flemish Baroque Painter
1599 - 1641
Self Portrait of Anthony Van Dyck
Painting in England began to develop later than in over European countries. That's why some of the greatest foreign masters were attracted to England by the titles of nobility conferred upon them. Holbein, Antonio Mor, Rubens, Van Dyck were almost English painters during longer or shorter periods of their lives.
Sir Anthony Van Dyck (1599 - 1641), who married the daughter of an English Lord and who died in London is considered to be the father of the English portrait school. He worked at the court of Karl I, was an extremely hard working painter. His most famous works are: his self portrait, «Portrait of the Man» and «Karl I».
WILLIAM HOGARTH (1697-1764)
But not until William Hogarth (1697 - 1764) do we find a painter truly English. Hogarth was the printers son, uneducated, but a curious observer of man and manners. His first work dates from 1730. Among his best works are «Captain Coram», «The Shrimp Girl», serial «Mode Marriage».
His pictures of social life brought him fame and position in the society. One of his serials “Mode Marriage” consists of 6 pictures. “The Marriage Contract” is the first.
The Marriage Contract
Captain Coram
The Shrimp Girl
JOSHUA REYNOLDS (1723-1792)
Sir Joshua Reynolds (1723 - 1792) is one of the outstanding British portraitists, who had an important influence on his contemporaries. Within a short period of time he achieved a considerable success. In 1755, at the highest point of his career he painted 120 portraits. When, in 1768, the Royal Academy of Arts was founded, he naturally became its first president. In 1784 he became a principal painter of the King. He was a highly educated person, wonderful colorist. His colors are difficult to judge today, because they were not scientifically applied. That's why many of his paintings have cracked and faded. Among his best works are: «Cupid untiring the Zone of Venus» and «Mrs. Siddons». They are well-known all over the world. For 20 years he was the most prominent artist of his day even in the face of rising Gainsborough.
Lady Sanderlin
Mrs. Siddons
Lady Sanderlin
THOMAS GAINSBOROUGH(1727-1788)
Thomas Gainsborough (1727 - 1788) succeeded brilliantly as a portrait painter. Society went to him for portraits. A good amateur violinist and a lover of drama, he was an artistic person by nature. Joshua Reynolds and Thomas Gainsborough created a national type of the English portrait. His manner of painting differs from Reynolds. Thomas Gainsborough's portraits of actors, actresses and his close friends are famous. One of his greatest friends was Richard Sheridan, the dramatist, whose portrait belongs to one of the best pictures of this painter. He was one of the first to be elected to the newly established London Academy of Arts. He is acknowledge as an excellent women painter. “The Portrait of the Duchess de Befou”, ” “Two Daughters” are among his best creatures.
His portraits are painted in clear tones in which blue and gray predominate. One of his best pictures is his masterpiece “The Portrait of Duchess de Befou”.
He greatly influenced the English school of landscape painting.
Among his landscapes are: “The Sunset”, “The Market Card” and “The Cottage Door”. His great love for the countryside and his ability to show it made him an innovator in this field. He was the first English artist who painted his native countryside so sincerely.
The Sunset
The Portrait of the Duchess de of B efou
Two daugters
Landscape is another glory of English art . John Constable is one of the most outstanding painters, who developed his own style of painting. He considered sketch, made directly from nature, the first task of a landscape painter. He introduced green into his painting: the green of trees, the green of summer, all the greens which until then other painters had refused to see. He made quick sketches based on his first impressions of natural beauties. John Constable used broken touches of color. His work is important as the beginning of the impressionist school.
He was a son of a wealthy miller. He began to take interest in landscape painting while he was at Dedham grammar school. But Constable left school to work for his father`s business. During his spare time he studied painting. His keen artistic interest was so strong that his father allowed him to visit London where he began to study sketching. After 2 years in London he returned to his father`s business for a year. The year spent at his father`s mill was a great importance for him. He learned to watch the sky , to note the direction of the wind, the significance of the clouds. In 1799 Constable entered the Royal Academy school in London.
Constable depicted nature in his own realistic way, he was the first artist who began to paint sketches which were as big as paintings. He was able to show the inside life of nature. John Constables innovation influenced greatly the development of French landscape painting.
John Constable (1776-1837)
Sa
Salisbury Cathedral from the Meadows
The Cornfield
William Joseph Turner(1775-1851)
William Joseph Turner was the greatest English romantic, landscape and marine painter. He was a son of a fashionable barber, started drawing and painting at his early age. At 14 he entered the Royal Academy School. His water-colors were exhibited at the Royal Academy when he was only 15. At 18 he started his own studio and received a commission to make drawings for magazines. For some years he tramped over Wales and Western England. As Turner never married, he devoted his life to art. He loved his paintings as a man loves his children. At the age of 27 he was elected as a Royal Academician. From that time his paintings became at great demand and brought good money. The last years of his life he spent in a little cottage at Chelsea.
He liked to watch the sunrise and sunset. And it is said, that only an hour before his death he had his chair wheeled to the window, so that he might look for the last time at the sun, shining upon the river.
Some of his famous pictures are: “Chichester Castle”, “Grand Canal”, “Rainbow over Arundel” and others.
