Экскурсия по городу герою Севастополю

Excursion across Sevastopol

In English

SIGHTS OF SEVASTOPOL AND ITS VICINITIES

Sevastopol! Perhaps there is no corner on the earth where would not know about our city. Its name became for a long time a courage and heroism symbol. The legendary Sevastopol earth by right is proud of the history. Store its waves of Black sea, a rock on its coast, streets and the areas, numerous monuments. Only on the state account, 2073 monuments consist of them 246 - archeology monuments, 1486 - history monuments, 292 - architecture and town-planning monuments. Thus it is far not all unique objects of a city have the official statute of monuments. In this presentation you will get acquainted with most known of them.

Monuments of the Crimean war

BROTHERLY CEMETERY DEFENDERS OF SEVASTOPOL

• It is the biggest necropolis of Russian soldiers - participants of the Crimean war. Upon it are based about 50 thousand defenders of Sevastopol. It is organised in the end of September, 1854 under instructions of vice-admiral V.A.Kornilova. In the beginning was called as Peter and Paul, then began to be called Brotherly .

In 1870 St. Nikolay's temple-pyramid - the general monument to the lost defenders of Sevastopol (was under construction with 1857 for 1870) has been built. For the project of this temple architect A.A.Avdeev has been awarded ranks of the academician of architecture.

On a cemetery was available more than 500 communal graves and about 200 individual gravestones. Only 472 communal graves and about 120 individual gravestones now have remained.

DEFENSIVE TOWER OF THE KORNILOVSKY BASTION

One of the few castle constructions of the middle of XIX century, remained in a city up to now. It is constructed by summer of 1854 on means of inhabitants of Sevastopol, under the project of military engineer F.A.Starchenko .

Last day sieges and city defences, on August, 27th, 1855, in a tower have taken cover and within several hours battled to superior forces of Frenchmen about forty soldiers of the Modlinsky regiment and a handful of sailors. In the beginning frenchmentried to take it by storm, but have met fierce resistance. Then the general the Poppy-magon has ordered to impose a tower brushwood and to set fire, but, being afraid of explosion of a powder cellar, has cancelled the order. Frenchmen have hastily extinguished fire. Only bombardment by pomegranates from guns has stopped unequal struggle. This episode has entered into the first Russian art feature film "Defense of Sevastopol", removed in 1911 directors A.A.Hanzhonkovym and V.M.Goncharovym .

In 1956 the defensive tower became branch of the Museum of the Black Sea fleet, since 1963 in it there is an exposition of the Museum of Heroic defence and clearing of Sevastopol, telling about the events occurring on Malahov a barrow in days of Crimean and great domestic wars.

MONUMENT TO THE FLOODED SHIPS

On September, 11th, 1854 between Konstantinovsky and Aleksandrovsky batteries by order of the commander-in-chief of prince A.S.Menshikov for an input obstacle on spot-check have flooded seven courts: frigates “Sizopol", "Flora", the ships “Yriil", "Three Prelates", “Selafail", “Silistriya", "Varna". Vessels have left on a bottom together with guns and a rigging. Later, in February, 1855, from the Mihajlovsky fort on the North side to the Nikolaev battery - on Southern there was a second line of the masts acting from water: seamen have flooded eight more courts. The taken measures have made a fortress practically unapproachable from the sea.

In 1905 on a place of the second line of flooding of courts in ten metres from coast have established a monument. Its authors: the sculptor academician A.G.Adamson, architect V.A.Feldman and military engineer O.I.Enberg .

It towers on the square basis in the form of the rock combined from raw granite blocks. From it grows the pedestal topped with a harmonous Corinthian column from light grey polished diorita. It comes to the end with a bronze figure of a two-headed eagle with the open wings, bearing in a beak a laurel wreath - a glory symbol. Under base from a monument South side the bronze board with a relief card of the Sevastopol bay and a designation of lines of the flooded ships is strengthened.

Great Patriotic War monuments

AVENUE OF HERO TOWNS

In the centre of Sevastopol on Nakhimov's area the developed ensemble of historical monuments was added with one more complex monument — Avenue of hero towns .

With idea of creation of Avenue the veteran organisations of a city have acted. The project has been developed by the Sevastopol architects. On each of 13 plates- symbols of hero towns, the Gold Star of the Hero is fixed.

Solemn opening of the Walk of Fame of hero towns and the reconstructed Memorial to heroic defenders of Sevastopol has taken place on the eve of the 60 anniversary of the Great Victory and 61st anniversary of clearing of Sevastopol from fascist aggressors, on May, 8th, 2005.

MEMORIAL WALL IN HONOUR OF HEROIC DEFENSE OF SEVASTOPOL

• Monumental monument devoted to a feat of defenders of Sevastopol in days of the Great Patriotic War, will erect on the central area of a city.
• The massive ferro-concrete relief symbolising reflexion by defenders of three fascist storms, is built in 1967. Authors of the project architect I.E.Fialko and sculptor V.V. Jakovlev. In a niche 19 granite plates with names of parts and connections of the Black Sea fleet, Seaside army and the city organisations which were taking part in 250-day defence of Sevastopol are placed. Seven more plates with surnames of Heroes of Soviet Union, awarded it for the heroism, the capitals of the Black Sea fleet shown at protection are more to the right established.

On May, 6th, 1999 on the threshold of the 55 anniversary of clearing of Sevastopol from fascist aggressors at the Memorial wall Eternal fire has been lighted. The torch has been delivered from Eternal fire to the Sapun-grief.

MONUMENT TO PILOTS 8-Й AIR ARMY

• It is the first monument built in the released Sevastopol by soldiers of captain A.A.Sineleva on July, 3-12rd, 1944 under the project of engineer-captain V.P.Korolyova. From a step rock the plane of type ЯК-3 as though flies up. On a monument an inscription: "there Will pass centuries, but the glory of the heroes-pilots who have fallen for clearing of Crimea" never will grow dim.
• In 50 years, a monument executed from concrete reconstructed - it became granite. Near it on have established memorial plates with the list of army associations, connections and parts of 8th air army (the ordering Hero of Soviet Union general-letenant T.T.Hrjukin's aircraft), participating in fights for clearing of Sevastopol.

Opening has taken place on May, 7th, 1994, on it there was also an author of the project V.P.Korolyov.

MEMORABLE PLACES of 35 TH COASTAL BATTERIES the Part 1

• 35th tower coastal battery - one of the most powerful castle constructions of coastal defence of Sevastopol. It is begun by construction in 1913 under the project of the military engineer of general N.A.Bujnitsky. In days of the first world building have stopped, have completed in 1924-1927, having armed with two two-cannon tower installations ship calibre.
• Built on abrupt to seacoast, the battery consisted of two cannon ferro-concrete blocks and two command points which incorporated among themselves poternami. To seacoast conducted two ventilating emergency exits. In blocks on two floors cellars stocks of shells, power station, devices for management of shooting took places inhabited and office accommodations.
• After the order on evacuation the battery has been blown up .
• After war the battery was not restored. In battery territory are established :
• Memorable sign on 35th battery - plate from a grey granite with an inscription. It is established in 1961 the Author - architect A.L.Sheffer.

The monument ' to Last defenders of Sevastopol ' is located at a front entrance on the battery.

MEMORABLE PLACES of 35 TH COASTAL BATTERIES the Part 2

The monument to the soldiers who were lost on December, 17th, 1941 is at lifting on territory of the battery from the Blue bay .

On July, 3rd, 2007 on cape Chersonese the first stone of the future museum has been put in pawn. Date is chosen not casually. This tragical day in 1942 Covinformbyro has informed: «As a result of heavy and bloody fights the Soviet armies have left Sevastopol». 250-day defence of a city has ended.

Here our excursion across Sevastopol also has ended. I hope it to you it was pleasant.