Элективный курс "Добро пожаловать в Карачаво-Черкесию"

“Enriching his fleeting life…”

(March 8, 2014 would have been 80 years since the birth of Rauf Nuhovich Klychev, outstanding scientist in Caucasian studies, professor who taught several generations of teachers for schools and Karachay-Cherkessia and Russia)

First time I heard the name of Rauf Klychev in the house of the former director of Malo-Abazinsky high school Abidin Ionov (May him rest in peace!). They were friends and studied together at the institute. However, they studied at different faculties. The simple, unpretentious words of Abidin Akhmedovich had so much sincerity and warmth that they would be enough to melt a couple of icebergs. He could not hide his admiration and pride, and summarizing the conversation, briefly remarked, “You know, my friend is very similar to Danko. Do you remember Gorky’s character?” But catching my puzzled look in order to convince me he immediately said, “Do not be surprised with such a comparison. Because not everyone’s heart is able to burn specially and not everyone can generously distribute warmth of his soul. ”

After many years, crossing the threshold of the Philological Faculty of Karachay-Cherkessia State Pedagogical Institute (now the State University named after U.Aliev), I remembered those words. And I had a chance to understand how right was Abidin Akhmedovich, who gave such a concentrated specification of the person who really knew like anyone else how to think and live differently and how to treat people. He knew how to remain steadfast in daily and hourly quest of bringing more good and beauty to the world.

…Along the corridor of the faculty a tall, handsome man with expressive eyes was striding. He had smart and bright eyes. His gray hair gave him an unforgettable rigorous academic quality and well thought- degree. He impressed immediately. And then you had the feeling of the tremendous inner depths of this man and his ability to see much further than other people.

For twenty years Rauf Nuhovich led the Faculty of Philology – in those years the largest faculty at the institute. Throughout the period of his leadership faculty was rightly considered the best in the institute. Strange but true: Dean knew all the students of all five courses. And he was also interested in the life of each student. A special attention Rauf Nuhovich paid to those students who come to study from outside the Karachay-Cherkessia, who lived on scholarships and grants, who were in need, but certainly were keen to get an education. Today, I can safely say that I’ve never met people who have been so outrageous in the desire to help young people, as was incredibly talented Klychev. But, at the same time, he was fiercely uncompromising against negligent students who only spent their time at lectures or even did not attend classes.

Rauf Nuhovich reverently treated the problem of training teachers of native languages. I think he was like no other able to see far ahead.

- Languages ​​of our peoples – once said Rauf Nuhovich – are unique in all respects. And sometimes I shudder to think that one day they will be out of demand. To avoid this, they constantly have to be in the sphere of scientific interests. And they must be taught in school by the most talented teachers who found a true vocation.

Unfortunately, I was not able to attend any lectures of Professor R.N.Klychev: his lectures were not in the schedule of the Russian branch of philological faculty. And that is why I envied all those students who were fortunate enough to learn from Klychev, to listen his deep thoughts, each time expanding their philological horizons.

At that time I did not know that name of R.Klychev in the Caucasian sciences world ranked among the major linguists whose authoritative opinion has always been impeccable. I did not know that he graduated from three universities, including the Tbilisi State University. He was one of the most famous and worthy students of the Abaza sciences genius men – Georgian academics K.Lomtatidze and A.Chikobava.

For us, his students, he was strict and very caring dean, indefatigable organizer of the different events held almost daily in the department. Being always simple and accessible Rauf Nuhovich never showed its scientific significance.

Rauf Nuhovich invested much time and energy in the creation of first in the Stavropol region, which in those years included Karachay-Cherkessia, student communist labor team “Rainbow”. All students who earned money during the summer season transferred money to the orphanage “Malyutka” in Cherkessk. Encouraging participation in the work of this group, especially, excellent students and socially active students Klychev was well aware of the enormous educational value of such forms of work with young people in extracurricular time.

Rauf Nuhovich loved his people. But never profane this sacred feeling. Always highly revered and honored sacred traditions and customs of his ancestors. Boundless was his desire to see representatives of his people – intelligent, educated, well-read and intellectually developed – among the brightest contemporaries who have achieved a lot in life. He stood against everything that prevented approval of interethnic peace and harmony in society.

Enthusiast by nature, he rightly believed that nationality, material condition, social status, and even superiority in mind won’t make us human. Accustomed to work tirelessly, he showed an example of selfless devotion to his work. He was the example of the devotion to universal principles and the main among them in the end determined his character and destiny.

Name of Rauf Nuhovich was given to the one of the streets and the school in his native village Krasny Vostok. A few years ago the publisher of Karachay-Cherkessia State University published a book with memories of him. At the university was established a scholarship named after him and a cabinet of Russian language was also named after Rauf Klychev.

More than 20 years separate us from the terrible news of the sudden death of Rauf Nuhovich Klychev. And I once again think with veneration: I was very lucky to have in my life a man whose glorious inheritance was to selflessly burn for the benefit of these lands. Unselfishly give without sparing himself. And turn to the immortal creating torch in order to shine brightly for future generations.

Mikhail Nakokhov

Life choice made by Alexei Khuranov

People thought he would be a historian. At the school of the Abkhazian village Duripsh to which his family left their native Starokuvinsk, Alexei Khuranov was an activist in the history hobby club. And according to his book “My Kuva” if his teachers were right he likely would not be an ordinary teacher, but rather would be engaged seriously in historical sciences, and certainly would have made a lot of discoveries. But he had another dream – to become a doctor. It was hard to realize his dream. In 1944, having passed all the exams, he was forced to give his vacancy to troops demobilized from the front for injury and who also decided to enter medical institution. The second attempt was in 1945, it seemed successful – three “five” and “four” guaranteed successful completion of the competition. But …

- We came to see a list of students, but instead on the doors of the Institute we saw the announcement that the Institute transferred to Kishenev, and all applicants are asked to pick up their documents, – says Alexei Adamovich.

What a disappointment!

Returning home, the young man from despair 2 wrote letters to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the Ministry of Higher Education. And – it was a miracle – he received replies from both. In one he was asked to choose any medical institute of the North Caucasus, the other letter guided him to Makhachkala. He decided to go to a specific address.

So in November 1945 Alexey Khuranov came to Dagestan Medical Institute, where he was accepted under condition that up to January 1 he would pass all the exams that his grade had passed. It was too hard for this young man, and the freshman had to take a sabbatical year. And only in September 1946 began his full student life, which ended in the summer of 1951 when he received a long-awaited diploma of doctor, and along with it – an employment contract in Cherkessk autonomous region.

Alexei Khuranov hoped he would work as a surgeon in the regional hospital. But his place of work identified as Ersakon. Although the center of the former Kuva district was close to Starokuvinsk village, he did not have the feeling that he returned to his native land. He did not know his motherland.

Regional center was not different from other settlements: dilapidated buildings, unpaved streets. There is not electricity. In the district hospital there was not lab, x-ray cabinet, specialists. And the chief doctor retired.

Every cloud has a silver lining. Perhaps God sent Alexei Huranov to Kuva inhabitants. Because his appearance changed their district hospital. Vacancy of the head physician remained vacant less than two months until the regional health department decided to appoint a young graduate of the Dagestan Medical Institute. Protests of the specialist, who expected to be transferred to Cherkessk in a maximum of six months, were not heard.

There was no time for being sorry. Alexei rolled up his sleeves and get to work. The first thing he made was to teach his two lab technicians to perform the simplest tests. Then he equipped the X-ray room. Already these two events significantly increased the efficiency of diagnostic work and saved many patients from having to go on minor issues to the regional center. And soon he also provided an ambulance car for the.

All these were followed by other successful projects. Expansion of the hospital, creation of the surgical department, improvement of conditions for patients… Cherkessk regional and Stavropol regional health departments invited doctors for seminars in Ersakon to show them the example of Kuva doctors, to show them how they needed to establish the diagnostic, preventive and therapeutic work.

Five and a half years in Ersakon were a period of professional formation of Doctor Alexei Huranov. Besides the fact that the daily work has been raised to a new level, in some cases, physicians have demonstrated a real heroism, rescuing patients whose conditions seemed hopeless.

- Once at the time of harvest in the Kirov collective farm occured an extraordinary event – says Alexey Adamovich. – During refueling of the lorry, tank with gasoline exploded. The driver’s clothing caught fire. When he was brought to us, about 75 % of his skin had II degree burns and there were small patches of IIIrd degree burns. All hospital staff tried to save the man. A consultant physician invited from the regional hospital after his inspection said resignedly: “Miracles do not happen.” But the “miracle” happened – Jura (the name of the driver) survived and still remembers his rescuers with gratitude.

… One day in March 1957 in the courtyard of the hospital almost whole Ersakon’s inhabitants gathered. News spread all over the village: “Khuranov leaves.” Another change in her life also occurred against the will of Alexei. Having invested so much effort in medicine area, he was stuck with all his heart to his work and to the locals and he was no going to go anywhere from there. But again like the bolt of the blue: “We have decided to recommend you as a head of health department.” Recommendation in such cases meant the actual appointment. And it was performed the next day. And so, Ersakon came to say to their doctor: «Thank you.”

- I saw tears in eyes of many of them; almost every family had someone whom I helped a bit over the years. It was the best reward for me. – Even 56 years later Alexei Adamovich recalls that moment with trembling voice.

“A new twist clearly did not promise me the easy way out, there were a lot of responsibilities,” – wrote in his memoirs called “It is not easy to be a doctor” about this period in his life. Creation of the United Karachai-Cherkess Autonomous Region, implied a significant increase in workload, the return of Karachay people from places of deportation and related problems of medical care, the organization of medical institutions in the former Karachai Autonomous Region, the creation of new services, training, strengthening and expanding of material-technical base of health department… How complicated and extremely demanding tasks faced by the health department’s executive committee, the head of which at the time of appointment was only 28 years old! But Alexei Khuranov passed this exam.

There were some difficulties of subjective nature: controversy generated with the party leadership of the area on some fundamental issues. Alexei Adamovich was able to defend his point of view, based on the interests of the inhabitants of the area. But he had to quit.

Next – work in Cherkessk urban clinic, which he headed for 36 years. Through the efforts of the chief doctor and the whole staff, clinic has become a truly leading link of the city’s health sector.

Since 2001, Alex Adamovich is being retired. But he is still active in the work of public organizations, the republican branch of the Communist Party, until recently, he was elected as a deputy of the National Assembly of the KCR, City Council Cherkessk. He is an Honorary Doctor of Russia, People’s physician of KCR, Excellent Physician of the Health Service of the USSR, Honorary Citizen of Cherkessk. A.A.Huranov enjoys great respect not only of Abaza people, but also of all the inhabitants of Karachay -Cherkessia.

He remained faithful to all his choices: occupation, family, party. He lived a rich life, every day which was marked by something useful for people. And, summarizing his life through 85 years, he says:

– I am happy with my life. My choice was not purposeless.

Georgy Checkalov

Specially for “Abaza Count

Cherkeska, burka and bashlyk

National, traditional costume is always more than just clothing. This is the most important part of the national culture of daily life and holidays, visible embodiment of the people’s history. Its appearance is constantly updated in line with changing aesthetic tastes of the people, their everyday needs and living conditions. Its universal features – body protection, a symbol of belonging to the genus, a marker of social status, a sign of self-expression – costume did not purchase at once, but as a soaking experience of many generations.

Cherkeska is the most convenient and all-purpose clothing – for centuries it was the main suit for most multinational Caucasus mountaineers. Aesthetics of this form of clothing was so attractive that in the XIXth century it became the choice of the higher officer ranks of the Russian army and later – the Kuban Cossacks.

A distinctive feature of the cherkeska was a presence of some special tools on the chest – cartridge belts-gazyrs (from the Arabic “hazyr”, i.e. “ready”) for rifle charges. It was sewed loose in order not to restrict leg movements, comfortable for riding. Cherkeska was adapted to camp life of a warrior, both for horse transitions and actions on foot. Abaza cherkeska was different from it because of its length – it should be a little below the knee, while other nations’ clothes reached the ankles.

Integral part of the costume – lightweight shoes, burka, bashlyk were an indispensable companion of the warrior in the campaigns. Burka not only protected from rain, snow and wind, but could serve as a shelter. Moreover, it not only protected from the weather conditions, but also from a bullet – if the enemy shot not at close range.

Costume was complemented with a dagger and a colorful narrow rawhide belt, which tied up waist well. National costume, both male and female, usually, was skin-tight emphasizing the shape and forcing to be what is called “in shape”.

Life made adjustments, changing requirements for material from which ​​clothes were made. Cherkeska made ​​of thin cloth, could be of different colors. Artfully decorated by masters, it became an elegant festive clothing.

Today the attention to the national clothing increased again. At Internet forums, the discussions in private conversations among youth we often hear them saying that it would be nice to go back to the traditional form of highland dress and it will help emphasize their uniqueness and originality. It is clear that a sharp transition from the secular to the historical traditional clothing would be unusual for others. Therefore, young people express a bid to introduce some elements of the traditional costume in everyday or festive clothes. Most likely, in this way could be gradually regain interest in clothes as part of the national culture and thus restore some of the lost traditions.

Nadezhda Yemelyanova,